International Paper is like the 'Intel inside' for cardboard boxes and hygiene products, providing the essential paper and pulp materials that underpin countless consumer goods.

Think of International Paper as a 'Dow Chemical for the forest industry,' providing foundational paper and pulp materials used in everything from packaging to absorbent products.

• Containerboards: Materials used to manufacture packaging, including various types of linerboard and medium.
• Fluff Pulp: A type of cellulose fiber primarily used in absorbent hygiene products like baby diapers and feminine care.
• Market Pulp: Pulp sold on the open market, used in various paper and tissue products.
• Specialty Pulps: Customized cellulose fibers designed for specific non-absorbent applications such as textiles, filtration, and construction materials.

Major Customers of International Paper (IP)

International Paper (symbol: IP) primarily sells its products to other businesses (B2B) rather than directly to individual consumers.

Based on the provided company description, specific names of major customer companies are not disclosed. However, the nature of International Paper's product segments indicates that its major customers are manufacturers and converters across various industries. These include:

• Customers of the Industrial Packaging Segment: These are primarily companies that convert containerboards (such as linerboard, medium, whitetop, recycled linerboard, recycled medium, and saturating kraft) into finished packaging materials like corrugated boxes. This also includes industrial end-users that utilize these containerboards for their own product packaging needs across a wide range of sectors.
• Customers of the Global Cellulose Fibers Segment: These are manufacturers that use fluff, market, and specialty pulps as raw materials in their production processes. This category broadly includes:
  • Manufacturers of absorbent hygiene products, such as baby diapers, feminine care products, and adult incontinence products.
  • Manufacturers of tissue and other paper products.
  • Companies involved in non-absorbent end applications, including textiles, filtration systems, construction materials, paints and coatings, and reinforced plastics.

Andrew Silvernail, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Andrew Silvernail joined International Paper as Chief Executive Officer on May 1, 2024, and became chairman of the Board of Directors on October 1, 2024. He brings two decades of experience leading global companies in the manufacturing and technology sectors. Prior to joining IP, Silvernail served as an executive advisor at KKR & Co., Inc., a global investment firm. He was also the Chairman and CEO of Madison Industries, one of the world's largest privately held companies, and Chairman and CEO of IDEX Corporation from 2011 to 2020, where total shareholder return grew by over 500% during his tenure. He previously held executive positions at Rexnord Industries, Newell Rubbermaid, and Danaher Corporation. Silvernail serves on the Board of Directors of Stryker Corporation.

Lance Loeffler, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Lance Loeffler joined International Paper as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on April 1, 2025. He has more than 25 years of experience in finance, strategy, and business leadership roles. Before joining IP, Loeffler spent over a decade at Halliburton, where his roles included Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for four years, and most recently, Senior Vice President of the Middle East North Africa business. Prior to Halliburton, he held director positions at Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc., and UBS Investment Bank, focusing on oil and gas clients.

Melissa Flores, Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer

Melissa Flores joined International Paper on January 5, 2026, as Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer, with leadership responsibility for the company's global human resources strategy and functions. Before IP, she worked at IDEX Corporation for 15 years in various leadership roles of increasing responsibility, including Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer. She also held roles in talent acquisition and recruiting at The Right Thing and Capital H Group.

Thomas Hamic, Executive Vice President and President of North American Packaging Solutions

Thomas Hamic joined International Paper in 1991 and has held various sales, marketing, finance, strategic planning, and leadership roles in the United States and Europe. He was named a company officer in 2009 and elected senior vice president in 2018. From 2020 to 2022, Hamic led IP's Global Cellulose Fibers business and the company's commercial efforts. In 2023, he was named senior vice president, North American Container and Chief Commercial Officer.

Joseph R. Saab, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

Joseph R. Saab joined International Paper in 2001 as legal counsel for Environment, Health and Safety. From 2005 to 2010, he held various positions in the corporate law group, including chief counsel – global governance and compliance and general counsel, Paper the Americas. In 2014, he was named associate general counsel – Industrial Packaging, Europe, Middle East and Africa. He became vice president, deputy general counsel, and assistant corporate secretary in 2019, and was elected senior vice president, general counsel & corporate secretary on July 1, 2022.

International Paper (IP) faces several key risks impacting its business segments of Industrial Packaging and Global Cellulose Fibers.

1. Macroeconomic Conditions and Demand Fluctuation

   International Paper's business is highly sensitive to global macroeconomic conditions, which directly influence demand for its packaging and pulp products. The Industrial Packaging segment, producing containerboards, is particularly exposed to global trade and manufacturing activity. Recent trends show a slowdown in demand for packaging, with global paper and board figures dropping by 3.1% in 2023 from 2022 due to overinvestment in capacity and reduced demand. For instance, U.S. linerboard prices experienced a notable $20 per ton decrease, contrary to expected increases. Similarly, the Global Cellulose Fibers segment is impacted by consumer spending on hygiene and paper products. The pulp market, for example, saw declining revenues and prices in 2024 due to oversupply and reduced demand. Overall, the paper sector experienced a significant revenue decline of approximately 14% on average in 2023, with a modest recovery in 2024, driven by weakening global economic conditions. Continued economic deterioration could lead to further pressure on free cash flows for International Paper.

2. Raw Material and Energy Price Volatility

   Both the Industrial Packaging and Global Cellulose Fibers segments are energy-intensive and heavily reliant on raw materials, primarily wood pulp and various chemicals. Fluctuations in the cost and availability of these inputs can significantly compress profit margins and affect operational stability. Global wood pulp prices rose by approximately 30% in 2023, driven by tightening forest resources and higher transportation costs. Energy prices, including electricity and natural gas, also saw a global increase of over 20% in 2022, particularly impacting European operations where higher energy costs could not always be passed on to customers. While input costs can stabilize, as seen with lower energy and chemical costs being offset by higher wood costs in some periods, overall sensitivity remains high.

3. Environmental Regulations and Sustainability Trends

   As a major player in the forest products industry, International Paper faces significant risks associated with evolving environmental regulations and increasing pressure for sustainable practices. Issues such as deforestation, excessive water consumption, and the ecological impact of large-scale tree harvesting pose reputational risks and can lead to stricter regulatory scrutiny. The paper industry generates air, water, and soil pollution due to its high energy and resource consumption. Compliance with increasingly stringent environmental laws and sustainability standards, such as those in the EU prohibiting certain environmental marketing claims and considering new "Green Claims Directives," requires continuous investment in cleaner technologies and process upgrades, adding to operational complexity and capital expenditure. International Paper has set ambitious sustainability goals, including reducing water usage and greenhouse gas emissions, but has acknowledged significant challenges in achieving these, particularly in operational decarbonization and water conservation at some facilities.

The increasing consumer adoption of reusable absorbent hygiene products (such as cloth diapers and washable feminine care items) poses a clear emerging threat to International Paper's Global Cellulose Fibers segment. This trend, driven by environmental consciousness and sustainability concerns, directly reduces the market demand for disposable absorbent products that utilize the fluff, market, and specialty pulps produced by International Paper, thus threatening a core application for this segment's offerings.

International Paper (IP) operates in two primary segments: Industrial Packaging and Global Cellulose Fibers. The addressable markets for these segments are as follows:

Industrial Packaging (Containerboards)

The global containerboard market size was valued at approximately USD 131.33 billion in 2025 and is projected to increase to about USD 166.23 billion by 2035. Another source indicates the global containerboard market was USD 141.43 billion in 2025 and is projected to reach USD 175.89 billion by 2034. The Asia Pacific region holds the largest share of this market, with North America also being a significant contributor, holding 18.85% of the global market share in 2025, valued at USD 26.66 billion.

Global Cellulose Fibers (Pulp, including fluff, market, and specialty pulps)

The global cellulose fiber market size was estimated at USD 40.22 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 62.92 billion by 2030. Another estimate places the global cellulose fiber market at USD 40.9 billion in 2025, growing to USD 61.37 billion by 2034. For the broader pulp market, which includes various types of pulp such as fluff, market, and specialty pulps, the global market size was valued at USD 273.46 billion in 2026 and is expected to reach USD 415.94 billion by 2035. The Asia Pacific region dominates the cellulose fiber market.

International Paper (IP) is poised for future revenue growth over the next two to three years, driven by several strategic initiatives and market adjustments:

1. Acquisition and Integration of DS Smith: A primary driver of growth is International Paper's acquisition of DS Smith, completed in January 2025. This strategic move is expected to significantly expand the company's global footprint and capabilities, particularly in sustainable packaging across North America and EMEA regions. The integration is projected to yield substantial operational synergies, contributing to increased revenue.
2. Strategic Focus on Sustainable Packaging Solutions: International Paper is actively transforming its business to become a leading global provider of sustainable packaging solutions. This involves prioritizing innovation in paper-based alternatives, aligning with consumer preferences for eco-friendly products, and optimizing operations to support this core strategic direction.
3. Operational Streamlining and Cost Reduction Initiatives: The company is undertaking significant restructuring efforts, including exiting non-core businesses such as the molded fiber segment and exploring strategic options for its Global Cellulose Fibers business. Additionally, International Paper is closing less efficient facilities and investing in higher-value packaging operations. These actions are designed to improve operational efficiency, reduce structural costs, enhance service delivery, and ultimately drive profitability, which underpins revenue growth in its core packaging segments.
4. Targeted Capital Investments: International Paper is making targeted capital investments to modernize and enhance its manufacturing capabilities. An example includes the conversion of a machine at its Riverdale mill for containerboard production, which is expected to be operational by Q3 2026. These investments aim to improve product quality, reliability, and service delivery, supporting sustained revenue growth in its key packaging markets.
5. Commercial Excellence and Price Adjustments: The company continues to implement commercial excellence initiatives focused on improving its product mix and margins. Despite a challenging market environment, International Paper is executing price adjustments and contract restructuring in its North American box business to enhance financial performance and contribute to revenue growth.

Share Repurchases

• International Paper returned $1.93 billion to shareholders in 2022, which included $1.26 billion in share repurchases.
• In 2023, the company returned approximately $840 million to shareholders through dividends and stock repurchases.
• Over five years, International Paper returned a total of $6.4 billion to shareholders through dividends and stock repurchases.

Share Issuance

• International Paper's shares outstanding significantly increased in 2025 to 528 million, representing a 49.07% year-over-year increase, largely due to the all-stock acquisition of DS Smith Plc.
• Shares outstanding were 506 million in 2025, a 42.77% increase from 2024.
• In 2024, shares outstanding were 354 million, a 1.46% increase from 2023, following a 4.88% decline in 2023 from 2022.

Outbound Investments

• International Paper completed the acquisition of London-listed packaging company DS Smith Plc around January 2025, an all-stock deal that created one of the world's largest sustainable packaging companies.
• The company divested its Global Cellulose Fibers business for $1.5 billion, as part of its strategy to reposition around renewable fiber-based packaging.
• To satisfy regulatory requirements stemming from the DS Smith acquisition, International Paper divested five European corrugated box plants to PALM Group in July 2025, including facilities in France, Portugal, and Spain.

Capital Expenditures

• From 2021 through 2025, International Paper's total capital expenditures amounted to approximately $5.4 billion.
• Capital expenditures in 2025 were $1.9 billion, and are planned to increase to roughly $2.0–$2.1 billion in 2026.
• The primary focus of capital expenditures includes upgrading assets, expanding capacity, investing in the box system, adding new converting lines, upgrading equipment, and opening new facilities to address capacity constraints and improve productivity, particularly in North America where spending per mill is up 50% for 2025-2027.