• The Ball Corporation (BLL) of industrial packaging.
• A diversified B2B packaging leader, similar to a combination of Ball Corporation (BLL) for its industrial containers and International Paper (IP) for its paper packaging.

• Industrial Packaging: Greif manufactures and supplies a wide range of industrial packaging solutions, including steel drums, plastic drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), and fibre drums, used for various chemicals, foods, and other products.
• Containerboard and Uncoated Recycled Paperboard (URB): The company produces containerboard used in corrugated box manufacturing and uncoated recycled paperboard for diverse packaging and specialty applications.
• Land Management: Greif manages timberlands in the southeastern United States, generating revenue from the sustainable harvesting and sale of timber.

Greif (symbol: GEF) primarily sells its products and services to other companies (B2B).

As a global leader in industrial packaging products and services, Greif manufactures products like steel drums, plastic drums, fibre drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), and flexible products. Their customer base is highly diversified and spans thousands of companies across various sectors worldwide. Due to the broad nature of their customer base and competitive considerations, Greif does not typically disclose the names of specific major customer companies.

However, their customers are generally manufacturers and processors in the following major industries that require industrial packaging for their own products:

• Industrial Chemicals: Companies producing and distributing various industrial chemicals, solvents, and raw materials.
• Paints and Coatings: Manufacturers of paints, varnishes, sealants, and related surface treatment products.
• Food and Beverage: Producers of bulk food ingredients, industrial food products, and beverages (not typically final consumer packaging, but bulk transport packaging).
• Petroleum and Lubricants: Companies involved in the production and distribution of petroleum products, lubricants, greases, and specialty oils.
• Agriculture: Manufacturers of agricultural chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, and other crop protection products.
• Pharmaceuticals: Companies requiring specialized packaging for pharmaceutical raw materials, intermediates, or bulk finished products.
• Mineral Products: Producers of various mineral-based products and materials.

These customer companies are typically large multinational corporations or regional manufacturers that integrate Greif's packaging solutions into their supply chains for transport and storage of their products.

Ole Rosgaard, President and Chief Executive Officer

Ole Rosgaard joined Greif in 2015 and has held various leadership roles, including Senior Vice President, Group President of Global Industrial Packaging, and Chief Operating Officer. Prior to joining Greif, he served as a Managing Director and Group Managing Director for a global roofing manufacturing company, and as an SBU Managing Director at a large window company. His extensive professional background encompasses private enterprises, private equity ventures, and publicly traded multinational companies, providing him with significant expertise in mergers, acquisitions, and strategic business transformation. Rosgaard has lived in five countries and worked across five continents.

Larry A. Hilsheimer, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Larry A. Hilsheimer became Greif's Chief Financial Officer in May 2014. Before joining Greif, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Scotts Miracle-Gro. He also held positions as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and President and Chief Operating Officer of multiple business units at Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company. Earlier in his career, he was a Vice Chairman and Regional Managing Partner for Deloitte & Touche USA, LLP.

Tim Bergwall, Senior Vice President, Chief Commercial Officer

Tim Bergwall is the Senior Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer at Greif, where he oversees global sales, marketing, and sustainability activities. He has over 35 years of experience in the paper packaging industry, having held leadership positions in both large, integrated companies like Union Camp Corporation and smaller independent firms, consistently focusing on strategic growth initiatives. Before this role, he served as Group President of Paper Packaging & Services and Soterra Land Management LLC since 2014.

Gary R. Martz, Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Gary R. Martz joined Greif in 2002, serving as its General Counsel since January 2002 and Secretary since June 2002. He was appointed Executive Vice President in June 2010. His prior experience includes 19 years with the law firm of Baker & Hostetler, LLP, where he was a Partner for 12 years.

Bala V. Sathyanarayanan, Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer

Bala V. Sathyanarayanan serves as Greif's Executive Vice President & Chief Human Resources Officer, with a focus on developing a world-class, diverse, and engaged workforce. Before his tenure at Greif, he was the Executive Vice President for Human Resources at Xerox Corporation.

The key risks to Greif's business include:

1. Economic Fluctuations and Weak Industrial Demand: Greif's financial performance is highly sensitive to changes in general economic conditions and the overall health of the industrial sector. A weak industrial environment leads to reduced demand and lower volumes for Greif's packaging products across its segments. This extended period of slow demand significantly impacts sales and profitability.
2. Raw Material Cost Volatility and Pricing Pressures: Fluctuating commodity prices and rising costs of key raw materials, such as old corrugated containers (OCC) and uncoated recycled paperboard (URB), directly impact Greif's manufacturing costs and profit margins. The competitive nature of the industrial packaging industry can also delay the recognition of price increases, further pressuring margins.
3. Intense Competitive Landscape: The industrial packaging industry is highly competitive, with numerous players vying for market share. This competitive environment can lead to substantial price competition, which may negatively impact Greif's financial performance. The ongoing consolidation of the customer base for industrial packaging and paper products further intensifies these pricing pressures.

Greif Inc. (GEF) operates in several addressable markets for its main products and services, primarily within industrial packaging and paper packaging.

Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services
This segment includes products such as steel, plastic, and fiber drums, as well as intermediate bulk containers (IBCs). The global industrial packaging market was valued at approximately USD 68.92 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to about USD 98.01 billion by 2032. Other estimates for the global industrial packaging market size in 2024 range from USD 64.0 billion to USD 70.99 billion. The Asia Pacific region is noted as a dominant market for industrial packaging.

For the more specific bulk container packaging market, which includes IBCs and drums, the global market was valued at USD 20.7 billion in 2024 and is estimated to reach USD 31.6 billion by 2035. Another source estimated the global industrial bulk packaging market size at USD 27.61 billion in 2024, projected to increase to approximately USD 40.24 billion by 2034. Asia Pacific also dominated the global industrial bulk packaging market in 2023.

Paper Packaging & Services
This segment focuses on containerboard and corrugated products, including corrugated sheets and containers.

• Containerboard: The global containerboard market size was estimated at USD 103.6 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 160.04 billion by 2030. Other estimates for the global containerboard market in 2024 range from USD 128.88 billion to USD 150.9 billion. The Asia Pacific region held the largest share of the global containerboard market in 2024, with various sources citing shares between 43.67% and 52.89%.
• Corrugated Products (Corrugated Board/Boxes/Cartons/Packaging): The global corrugated board market size was estimated at USD 134.7 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 227.8 billion by 2030. The global corrugated boxes market was valued at USD 208.1 billion in 2024 and is estimated to reach USD 254.4 billion by 2033. Another estimate for the global corrugated packaging market size in 2024 was USD 311.66 billion, with a projection to reach USD 477.33 billion by 2034. Asia Pacific consistently emerges as the largest market for corrugated products, holding over 40% of the market share in 2022 and 2024.

Flexible Products & Services
Greif also offers flexible products, such as Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBCs) and container liners. The global flexible packaging market was estimated at USD 270.96 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 373.34 billion by 2030. Other estimations for the global flexible packaging market in 2024 range from USD 226.05 billion to USD 258.74 billion. The Asia Pacific region dominated the global flexible packaging market, accounting for approximately 43.0% of the revenue share in 2023 and 41.44% in 2024.

• Shift Towards Polymer-Based Packaging Solutions: Greif is strategically transitioning its portfolio towards higher-margin, less cyclical polymer-based packaging solutions, aiming for these products to represent 20% of its business mix, up from 10% in 2015. This includes a focus on stable sectors like food and pharmaceuticals.
• Strategic Acquisitions and Synergy Capture: Recent acquisitions, such as Ipackchem, have already contributed to increased net sales and are expected to continue capturing synergies, particularly in the Customized Polymer Solutions segment.
• Enhanced Pricing Mechanisms: The company plans to implement improved paper pricing mechanisms and value-based pricing strategies in its Global Industrial Packaging (GIP) segment to enhance revenue capture and expand margins. Higher published prices for containerboard and boxboard have also contributed to growth in the Sustainable Fiber Solutions segment.
• Demand Recovery and Volume Growth: Greif anticipates that a recovery in market demand will lead to significant operating leverage as volumes return, building on the net growth experienced across all regions globally in Q3 2024.
• Targeted End-Market Focus: Greif is increasingly focusing on specific end markets, such as agrochemicals, food, and beverage. These "GDP-plus growth areas" are considered crucial for mitigating the cyclicality of traditional industrial markets and are expected to be a significant driver for future growth.

Share Repurchases

• Greif repurchased approximately $11.0 million of Class B shares in fiscal 2022.
• Annual share repurchases for Greif stock amounted to $63.9 million in fiscal 2023.
• The company plans to execute an open market repurchase plan for approximately $150.0 million in 2026, utilizing its available authorization of approximately 2.5 million shares.

Share Issuance

• During 2025, Greif issued 49,269 shares of Class A Common Stock, excluding shares withheld for taxes, related to the vesting of performance stock units for the performance period that ended October 31, 2024.

Outbound Investments

• In fiscal 2022, Greif announced the acquisition of Lee Container Corporation, Inc. for $300.0 million in an all-cash transaction.
• Greif deployed over $550 million towards acquisitions in fiscal 2023.
• In fiscal 2024, the company completed several acquisitions, including Ipackchem Group SAS for $582.1 million.

Capital Expenditures

• Greif expects to spend approximately $155 million on capital expenditures in fiscal year 2025.
• The company uses operating cash flows, borrowings under senior secured credit facilities, and proceeds from trade accounts receivable credit facilities to fund its capital expenditures.
• No material capital expenditures related to environmental control were anticipated in 2024.