Here are 1-2 brief analogies for LivaNova (LIVN):

• Medtronic for nerve stimulation devices (like for epilepsy) and cardiovascular surgery equipment.
• Abbott, but specializing in brain stimulation devices and critical equipment for heart surgery.

• Cardiac Surgery Products: LivaNova manufactures a range of devices for cardiac surgery, including heart-lung machines, oxygenators, and autotransfusion systems used during cardiopulmonary bypass.
• Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Therapy Systems: These implantable devices deliver mild electrical signals to the vagus nerve to treat drug-resistant epilepsy and treatment-resistant depression.

LivaNova (LIVN) primarily sells its medical technology products to other companies and healthcare institutions, rather than directly to individuals.

According to LivaNova's latest Annual Report on Form 10-K, no single customer accounted for 10% or more of its consolidated net revenue in any of the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, or 2021. This indicates that LivaNova's customer base is highly diversified, and it does not have individually identifiable "major customers" in the traditional sense of revenue concentration.

However, LivaNova's customers generally fall into the following categories of organizations that purchase and utilize their medical devices and therapies:

• Hospitals and Hospital Systems: Institutions that perform surgical procedures and provide patient care, utilizing LivaNova's cardiovascular and neuromodulation products. Examples of large public hospital systems, which LivaNova likely sells to within their diversified customer base, include:
  • HCA Healthcare (NYSE: HCA)
  • Universal Health Services, Inc. (NYSE: UHS)
• Government Healthcare Providers: Publicly funded healthcare facilities and systems. (These are typically government entities and do not have stock symbols.)
• Clinics and Other Healthcare Institutions: Specialized medical centers, such as cardiology or neurology clinics, that administer LivaNova's therapies.
• Third-Party Distributors: Companies that purchase LivaNova's products for resale to other healthcare providers, extending the company's market reach. Examples of major medical distributors, which LivaNova may engage with, include:
  • Cardinal Health, Inc. (NYSE: CAH)
  • Owens & Minor, Inc. (NYSE: OMI)
• Group Purchasing Organizations (GPOs): LivaNova also likely engages with GPOs, which act as intermediaries to negotiate purchasing contracts on behalf of member hospitals and healthcare systems. An example of a public GPO is:
  • Premier, Inc. (NASDAQ: PINC)

It is important to reiterate that while the listed companies are examples of the types of organizations LivaNova sells to or through, LivaNova has publicly stated that no single customer represents a major portion of its revenue.

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Vladimir Makatsaria, Chief Executive Officer

Vladimir Makatsaria serves as the Chief Executive Officer and a Board Member of LivaNova, a position he assumed effective March 1, 2024. He brings nearly 30 years of experience in healthcare, having spent 27 years in executive leadership roles at Johnson & Johnson (J&J), a multinational pharmaceutical and medical technologies corporation. Most recently, he was Company Group Chairman at J&J MedTech, where he led Ethicon, a global leader in the surgical technologies market. His other executive positions at J&J included leading J&J China, J&J MedTech APAC, and Ethicon EMEA. Makatsaria has also served as Chairman of the Board of the Asia Pacific Medical Technology Association (APACMed) and as an Advisory Board Member to Singapore Management University. He holds a bachelor's degree in physiology, an MBA, and a master's in healthcare administration from The University of Minnesota.

Alex Shvartsburg, Chief Financial Officer

Alex Shvartsburg is the Chief Financial Officer of LivaNova, leading finance, accounting, and investor relations. He joined LivaNova in 2017 and served as interim Chief Financial Officer from November 2020 to July 2021 before his official appointment in August 2021. Prior to LivaNova, Mr. Shvartsburg was the CFO and Chief Operating Officer of Caligor, a private equity-backed clinical services organization, where he was responsible for Finance, Operations, Human Resources, and Information Technology functions. Before Caligor, he held finance leadership roles, including CFO of the Genetic Sciences division at Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Senior Finance Director M&A at Life Technologies. He also spent over 20 years in various finance roles of increasing responsibility within Johnson & Johnson. Mr. Shvartsburg earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from Drexel University and an MBA from LaSalle University.

Stephanie Bolton, President, Global Epilepsy

Stephanie Bolton is the President, Global Epilepsy at LivaNova, having previously served as President of LivaNova's International Region. She joined Cyberonics, one of LivaNova's legacy companies, in 2011, progressing through sales leadership roles and serving as Vice President for multiple European markets. Before her time at Cyberonics, Ms. Bolton spent eight years in the pharmaceutical industry, working at UCB, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, and Sankyo Pharma. Her professional focus is on ensuring equitable patient access to the latest healthcare technologies.

Michael Hutchinson, Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Company Secretary

Michael Hutchinson is the Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Company Secretary at LivaNova, a position he has held since November 2022. In this role, he leads the company's global legal, compliance, and corporate governance functions, and also oversees corporate communications and information technology and security. With over 20 years of experience as an attorney, advisor, and business leader, Mr. Hutchinson has more than a decade of leadership and management experience with life science companies such as Stryker Corporation and Varian Medical Solutions. Prior to joining LivaNova, he served as Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary at ByHeart Inc.

Philip Kowalczyk, Chief Strategy and Corporate Development Officer

Philip Kowalczyk is the Chief Strategy and Corporate Development Officer for LivaNova, having joined the company in August 2024. He possesses an extensive background in developing and executing strategies across the medtech industry. Before joining LivaNova, he spent 16 years at Johnson & Johnson (J&J) Medtech, where he was a member of the global leadership teams for both the Vision and Ethicon subsidiaries. His roles at J&J included Vice President of Business Development-Vision and Head of Asia Pacific Strategy and Business Development in Singapore. In the latter role, he led teams responsible for regional inorganic initiatives, integrating global acquisitions across Asia Pacific, and generating business insights. For Ethicon, he served as Head of Global Strategy, Insights & Pricing, and as Business Development Director.

The key risks to LivaNova's business include stringent regulatory challenges, intense competition within its specialized markets, and the potential for significant legal and litigation expenses.

1. Regulatory Challenges and Compliance Burdens: LivaNova operates in the heavily regulated medical device industry, which imposes significant compliance requirements and can lead to increased operational costs and delays in product launches. The company must navigate evolving data protection and cybersecurity laws, such as HIPAA and GDPR, across various jurisdictions. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in substantial legal and financial repercussions.
2. Intense Competition and Market Dynamics: The medical device sector is characterized by rapid technological advancements and strong competition from major players like Medtronic, Boston Scientific, and Abbott Laboratories. LivaNova must continuously innovate and adapt to maintain its market share, which can strain resources and impact profitability. Furthermore, shifts in healthcare policies, reimbursement rates, and customer preferences, alongside a slow growth rate in its neuromodulation segment, pose ongoing threats to the company's business model.
3. Litigation and Legal Proceedings: LivaNova is exposed to risks from pending or future lawsuits and governmental investigations, including those related to intellectual property disputes and product liability. The company has faced specific legal challenges, such as a significant $363 million liability ruling in Italy and ongoing SNIA litigation, which can have material financial implications and disrupt business continuity.

The increasing adoption and expansion of indications for transcatheter heart valve procedures (e.g., TAVR for aortic valves, TMVR for mitral valves) represent a clear emerging threat. These procedures are minimally invasive alternatives to traditional open-heart surgery, which significantly reduce or eliminate the need for the cardiopulmonary bypass systems, oxygenators, and other associated disposables that constitute a significant portion of LivaNova’s cardiac surgery portfolio. As transcatheter technologies advance and become applicable to a broader patient population, the market for LivaNova's traditional surgical products is pressured.

Additionally, the growing market penetration of more targeted and responsive neuromodulation systems, such as Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) for drug-resistant epilepsy, poses a clear emerging threat to LivaNova's Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) therapy. RNS systems offer real-time seizure detection and personalized, on-demand stimulation, which can be perceived as a technological advancement over VNS's typically continuous or scheduled stimulation. This technological edge could lead to a shift in physician and patient preference, eroding VNS's market share in the epilepsy segment.

LivaNova (LIVN) operates primarily in two main product areas: Cardiopulmonary and Neuromodulation. The addressable market sizes for their main products or services are as follows:

Cardiopulmonary Products

• Cardiac Surgery Devices Market (Global): The global cardiac surgery device market was valued at $17.1 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow to $24.9 billion by 2030, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.5%. Another estimate places the global market at $28.7 billion in 2024, with potential growth to $43.4 billion by 2031 at a CAGR of 5.3%.
• Heart-Lung Machine Market (Global): The global heart-lung machine market was valued at approximately $2.18 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach $3.1 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 6.9%. The U.S. heart-lung machine market alone accounted for $139.6 million in 2024.
• Oxygenator Market (Global): The global oxygenator market grew from $2.51 billion in 2024 to $2.78 billion in 2025, and is anticipated to reach $5.76 billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 10.91%. North America dominates the oxygenator market, holding a 45.3% share in 2025.

Neuromodulation Devices

• Neuromodulation Devices Market (Global): The global neuromodulation devices market was estimated at $5.80 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $10.39 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 8.51%. North America held the largest share of this market, at 43.68%, in 2024.
• Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Therapy Market (Global): The global vagus nerve stimulation market was valued at $507.99 million in 2023 and is poised to grow to $1,041.15 million by 2032, at a CAGR of 8.3%. North America is anticipated to dominate the global VNS market, with a 41.4% value share in 2025.
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Treatment Devices Market (Global): LivaNova is developing a neurostimulation system for this area. The overall obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment devices market is estimated at $9.7 billion in 2024 and could reach $18.3 billion by 2032, with a CAGR of 8.3%.

LivaNova (LIVN) is expected to drive future revenue growth over the next two to three years through several key initiatives and market dynamics:

1. Expansion and Adoption of the Essenz™ Perfusion System: The Essenz Perfusion System, a next-generation heart-lung machine, is a significant growth catalyst. Following its commercial launch in China in August 2025, which is the second-largest market for heart-lung machines, the company anticipates this system to be a meaningful growth driver starting in 2026. The system has already demonstrated strong sales and increased placements in developed markets.

2. Increased Market Share and Demand for Cardiopulmonary Consumables: LivaNova is experiencing robust demand for its cardiopulmonary consumables, particularly oxygenators, and has been gaining market share. The company is actively expanding its manufacturing capacity to meet this rising demand, indicating sustained growth in this segment.

3. Launch of the aura6000™ System for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): The aura6000™ System, a hypoglossal nerve stimulation device for obstructive sleep apnea, is a promising new product in the neuromodulation segment. Positive 12-month data from the OSPREY trial demonstrated significant efficacy and durability. LivaNova submitted the device for premarket approval, with potential FDA clearance in the first half of 2026 and an expected launch in late 2026. Analysts project this device could add significantly to annual revenue growth from 2026 to 2029.

4. Continued Growth in the Epilepsy Business: LivaNova's epilepsy business, centered on VNS Therapy, consistently contributes to revenue growth. This is driven by both new patient implants and replacement procedures, supported by strong commercial execution globally and efforts to raise awareness of the CORE-VNS data within the clinical community.

Share Repurchases

• In March 2024, LivaNova USA, Inc. repurchased $230.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.00% Cash Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2025 for approximately $270.5 million in cash, including accrued and unpaid interest.
• LivaNova repurchased $8.4 million in shares from employees for minimum tax withholding in 2024.
• In 2023, the company repurchased $7.5 million in shares from employees for minimum tax withholding.

Share Issuance

• In March 2024, LivaNova PLC issued $345 million aggregate principal amount of its 2.50% convertible senior notes due 2029, with net proceeds of approximately $333.0 million.
• Proceeds from the exercise of stock options amounted to $6.3 million in 2024.

Outbound Investments

• In June 2021, LivaNova completed the divestiture of its Heart Valves business, initially receiving €34.8 million (approximately $42.5 million).
• An additional €9.3 million (approximately $10.6 million as of December 31, 2021) related to the Heart Valves business divestiture was payable to LivaNova in 2022.
• In May 2022, LivaNova acquired the remaining 97% interest in ALung Technologies Inc., a privately held biotechnology company, for $10 million.

Capital Expenditures

• For the last 12 months (prior to November 2025), capital expenditures were -$59.22 million.
• LivaNova forecasted its capital spending for the full-year 2024 to be approximately $60 million.
• Capital expenditures for the first half of 2024 were $19 million, compared to $13 million in the first half of 2023.