An early-stage Eli Lilly or Novo Nordisk, developing next-generation GLP-1-like drugs for obesity and metabolic disorders.

A nascent Amgen or AstraZeneca, focused on developing a diverse pipeline of novel treatments for cardiometabolic diseases.

• DA-1241: A novel G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 119 agonist for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• DA-1726: A novel oxyntomodulin analogue acting as a GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor dual agonist for the treatment of obesity.
• ANA001: A proprietary oral niclosamide formulation developed for the treatment of moderate COVID-19.
• NB-01: A therapeutic program aimed at treating painful diabetic neuropathy.
• NB-02: A therapeutic program focused on the treatment of cognitive impairment.
• Gemcabene: A pharmaceutical product for the treatment of dyslipidemia, licensed from Pfizer Inc.

MetaVia Inc. (MTVA) is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on research and development. It does not sell commercialized pharmaceutical products directly to individuals or traditional healthcare providers like pharmacies or hospitals. Instead, its "customers" are typically other pharmaceutical companies that license its drug candidates or engage in collaborative development agreements.

Based on the provided information, MetaVia's major customer identified through a licensing agreement is:

• Pfizer Inc. (PFE) - For the research, development, manufacture, and commercialization of Gemcabene.

• Pfizer Inc. (PFE)

Hyung Heon Kim, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hyung Heon Kim was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals (now MetaVia Inc.) in August 2023. Before this role, he served as General Counsel and Senior Vice President of Dong-A ST and Dong-A Socio Group, a Korean pharmaceutical and medical device conglomerate, where he held various positions since 2012. His previous roles at Dong-A ST included Executive Director from 2018 to 2020 and Head of International Legal Affairs for Dong-A Socio Holdings Co., Ltd. from 2012 to 2018. Mr. Kim has also served as a director of AnaPath Services GmbH, a Swiss-based scientific research and development services provider, since April 2021, and STP America Research Corp. from 2021. Earlier in his career, he was legal counsel to SK Energy Co., Ltd. and SK Innovation Co., Ltd. from 2008 to 2011. As Dong-A ST is the largest shareholder of MetaVia, Mr. Kim manages a company backed by a significant corporate investor.

Marshall H. Woodworth, Chief Financial Officer

Marshall H. Woodworth was appointed Chief Financial Officer of NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals (now MetaVia Inc.) in March 2024, after serving as Acting Chief Financial Officer since October 2023. He brings decades of experience as a CFO to various pharmaceutical and medical device companies. Prior to joining NeuroBo, Mr. Woodworth served as CFO at Nevakar, Inc. from May 2017 to May 2023. His extensive career also includes CFO positions at Braeburn Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Aerocrine AB, and Furiex Pharmaceuticals Inc. He has also held roles at Eli Lilly and Company, Dow Chemical Company, Monsanto Company, and Milliken & Company.

Mi-Kyung Kim, PhD, Head of Research Center (Dong-A ST)

Dr. Mi-Kyung Kim serves as the Head of the Research Center in Korea for Dong-A ST, MetaVia's strategic partner. She is recognized for her deep involvement with the company's key assets, DA-1241 and DA-1726.

Dr. Chris Fang, Consulting Chief Medical Officer

Dr. Chris Fang serves as a Consulting Chief Medical Officer for MetaVia. He previously contributed to global obesity clinical trials during his tenure at Eli Lilly.

Robert Homoka, Senior Vice President of Clinical Operations

Robert Homoka holds the position of Senior Vice President of Clinical Operations at MetaVia. He possesses over 35 years of experience in clinical operations and is responsible for managing the company's clinical trials.

The key risks for MetaVia (MTVA), a clinical-stage biotechnology company, primarily stem from the inherent challenges of drug development and commercialization in the highly competitive pharmaceutical industry.

1. Clinical Trial Failure and Regulatory Risk

   As a clinical-stage company, MetaVia's success hinges on the successful progression and completion of its drug candidates through rigorous clinical trials and subsequent regulatory approval. A significant risk is the potential for any of its pipeline drugs, such as DA-1241 for MASH and T2DM or DA-1726 for obesity, to fail in clinical trials due to lack of efficacy, unexpected safety concerns, or an inability to enroll a sufficient number of patients, which could lead to significant delays and increased costs. The process of obtaining regulatory approval from bodies like the FDA is complex, costly, and time-consuming, with a low success rate for drugs entering clinical development. Delays in trials can jeopardize the company's ability to receive approvals and generate revenue. For instance, MetaVia explicitly acknowledges risks related to the timeline for regulatory submissions and the ability to obtain regulatory approval.

2. Financial Risk and Need for Additional Capital

   MetaVia is a pre-revenue company that incurs substantial research and development expenses associated with its ongoing clinical trials and drug discovery efforts. As of Q3 2025, the company had approximately $14.3 million in cash reserves, with a limited cash runway of roughly 11 months, indicating a potential need for additional financing beyond 2026. This presents a significant financial risk, as the company may need to raise further capital through equity financing, which could dilute the ownership stakes of existing shareholders. The high costs and long timelines associated with drug development mean that securing continuous funding is critical for sustaining operations and advancing its pipeline.

3. Market Competition and Commercialization Challenges

   Even if MetaVia's drug candidates successfully navigate clinical trials and receive regulatory approval, the company faces intense competition in the cardiometabolic disease market. For example, its obesity candidate DA-1726 is entering a crowded GLP-1 space dominated by large pharmaceutical companies like Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk. Achieving commercial success requires not only a differentiated product but also significant resources for marketing, sales, and distribution. There is a risk that MetaVia's products may not gain sufficient market acceptance due to competition, pricing pressures, or an inability to demonstrate significant value over existing or emerging therapies. The market for conditions such as MASH, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, while large, demands effective and accessible treatments, and success is not guaranteed.

The rapid and widespread adoption, and ongoing pipeline advancements, of incretin-based therapies (GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists) by large pharmaceutical companies, such as Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly, pose a significant emerging threat to MetaVia's early-stage drug candidates for obesity (DA-1726, preclinical development) and type 2 diabetes (DA-1241, completed Phase 1). These dominant therapies are quickly establishing new standards of care, raising efficacy expectations, and capturing substantial market share in these therapeutic areas, making it increasingly challenging for new, early-stage entrants to compete effectively.

The addressable markets for MetaVia Inc.'s main products and services are as follows:

• DA-1241 (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis - MASH): The global MASH treatment market is projected to reach approximately $8.6 billion by 2030 or $7.04 billion by 2032, growing from an estimated $1.72 billion in 2024. The market in the 7 Major Markets (7MM – US, EU4, UK, Japan) was valued at approximately $1.8 billion in 2023.
• DA-1241 (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - T2DM): The global Type 2 Diabetes market was valued at about $36.7 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $71.55 billion by 2033. Another estimate places the global market at $57.46 billion in 2023, expected to reach $91.96 billion by 2030. North America was the largest market, accounting for 39.54% of the revenue share in 2023.
• DA-1726 (Obesity): The global obesity treatment market was valued at $15.92 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $60.53 billion by 2030. North America held the largest revenue share in 2024.
• ANA001 (Moderate COVID-19): The global COVID-19 therapeutics market was valued at $30.7 billion in 2021. It is projected to contract to more than $16.2 billion by the end of 2031. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $32.54 billion, with projections showing a contraction to $8.70 billion by 2033.
• NB-01 (Painful Diabetic Neuropathy): The global diabetic neuropathy market was valued at approximately $5.8 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach around $8.74 billion by 2030. Another report indicates a market size of $4.50 billion in 2024, expected to reach $9.06 billion by 2034. North America dominated the global market in 2024.
• NB-02 (Cognitive Impairment): The global mild cognitive impairment market was estimated at $2.05 billion in 2024, and is anticipated to cross $4.29 billion by 2035. North America is the largest regional market, holding 45.4% share by 2035.
• Gemcabene (Dyslipidemia): The global dyslipidemia market size was $16.03 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach $40.33 billion by 2033. North America is expected to dominate this market with a 44.12% share in 2024.

For MetaVia Inc. (MTVA), a clinical-stage biotechnology company, the expected drivers of future revenue growth over the next 2-3 years are primarily tied to the successful advancement of its lead drug candidates and potential partnership agreements. While analyst forecasts currently project no direct product revenue for MetaVia in 2026, 2027, and 2028, revenue growth for a company at this stage typically stems from milestone payments and upfront fees from collaborations and licensing deals.

The key drivers include:

• Advancement and potential partnering of DA-1726 for Obesity: MetaVia's novel oxyntomodulin analogue, DA-1726, has shown promising positive Phase 1b clinical trial results for obesity, demonstrating an average body weight reduction of 9.1% and a favorable safety profile as of January 2026. The company has secured comprehensive global patent protection for DA-1726 through 2041, which enhances its long-term commercial value. Successful progression through further clinical trials and subsequent strategic partnerships or licensing agreements for this high-demand therapeutic area could lead to significant milestone payments and future royalties.
• Advancement and potential partnering of DA-1241 for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) and Type 2 Diabetes: DA-1241, a novel GPR119 agonist, is in Phase 2a clinical trials for MASH and has completed Phase 1 for Type 2 Diabetes. Positive top-line 16-week results from the Phase 2a MASH trial were announced in December 2024, demonstrating direct hepatic action and improved glucose metabolism. MetaVia holds global patent protection for DA-1241 (vanoglipel) through 2035. Continued successful clinical development of DA-1241 for these cardiometabolic diseases could attract partnership opportunities, generating upfront payments and milestone revenue.
• Potential milestone payments from the Gemcabene license agreement with Pfizer Inc.: MetaVia has a license agreement with Pfizer Inc. for the research, development, manufacture, and commercialization of Gemcabene for dyslipidemia. This existing partnership provides a potential source of future revenue through milestone payments as Pfizer progresses with the development and regulatory milestones of Gemcabene.

Share Issuance

• MetaVia successfully closed a $9.3 million underwritten public offering in mid-January 2026, with the capital intended for working capital and continued clinical development of DA-1726.
• In June 2024, NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals (prior to its name change to MetaVia) closed a concurrent private placement and registered direct offering, generating approximately $20 million in aggregate gross proceeds. This financing was aimed at working capital and the clinical development of DA-1726, with potential additional gross proceeds of approximately $50 million from the exercise of warrants to fund the Phase 1 Part 3 clinical trial of DA-1726.
• NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals' shares outstanding significantly increased from 888,693 as of December 31, 2021, to 25,436,019 as of December 31, 2022, following a $17.3 million public offering and a $15 million private investment. The company also effected a 1-for-11 reverse stock split on December 4, 2025, to regain compliance with Nasdaq's minimum bid price requirement.

Inbound Investments

• Dong-A ST Co., Ltd. made a $15 million private investment in NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals in November 2022 as part of an exclusive global license agreement for DA-1241 and DA-1726, making Dong-A ST the largest shareholder at that time.
• In October 2021, NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals raised $14 million through a private placement/follow-on round.
• Dong-A ST Co., Ltd. acquired 2,544,530 shares of NeuroBo common stock for approximately $7.96 million on June 23, 2024, increasing its total holdings to 5,348,229 shares.

Outbound Investments

• On December 31, 2020 (announced January 6, 2021), NeuroBo Pharmaceuticals acquired ANA Therapeutics, a privately held biotechnology company, for its ANA-001 program. The transaction involved the issuance of approximately 3.24 million shares of NeuroBo common stock to ANA equity holders, representing 19.7% of NeuroBo's outstanding shares, along with potential future milestone payments and royalties.

Capital Expenditures

• MetaVia reported consistently very low capital expenditures, with $0 invested in Q3 2025. Capital expenditures were -$2,000 for the 12 months prior to September 30, 2025.
• The primary focus for capital allocation for long-term growth is significant research and development (R&D) spending, particularly for advancing the clinical development of DA-1241 and DA-1726. R&D expenses significantly increased to approximately $17.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, up from approximately $5.3 million for the same period in 2023, primarily due to these clinical trials.