Here are 1-3 brief analogies for Kairos Pharma (KAPA):

• Think of them as a startup Genentech for cancer's immune evasion and drug resistance.

• They're like a clinical-stage Bristol Myers Squibb specializing in next-gen cancer immunotherapies.

• KROS 101: A preclinical small molecule designed to promote T cell growth and function by acting as a GITR ligand agonist.
• KROS 102: A preclinical small molecule designed to inhibit T cell growth and function by acting as a GITR ligand antagonist.
• KROS 201: An autologous T cell therapy in preparation for Phase 1 clinical trial, targeting glioblastoma cancer stem cells.
• KROS 301: A preclinical small molecule targeting the NF-ĸß pathway for triple-negative breast cancer.
• KROS 401: A preclinical cyclic peptide designed to reverse immunosuppression by inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13 receptors in the tumor microenvironment.
• ENV 105: An antibody in Phase 2 for prostate cancer and Phase 1 for lung cancer, targeting CD105/Endoglin to address drug resistance.
• ENV 205: A preclinical antibody targeting mitochondrial DNA to combat drug resistance in cancer therapies.

Kairos Pharma (KAPA) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company. As of the date of the provided information, its product candidates are still in various stages of clinical trials (preclinical, Phase 1, and Phase 2) and have not yet received approval from the FDA or any other comparable foreign regulator for commercial sale. Therefore, Kairos Pharma does not currently have any commercial customers or revenue-generating sales of its drug candidates.

• Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
• Tracon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (TCON)

John S. Yu, CEO & Chairman

Dr. Yu is an accomplished neurosurgeon and immunotherapy expert who has developed numerous investigational drugs and led multiple clinical trials. He holds degrees from Stanford, Harvard Medical School, and MIT, and his career is centered on groundbreaking research in cancer therapeutics. Dr. Yu previously served as an officer at ImmunoCellular Therapeutics and was most recently the CEO and Chairman of AcTcell, as well as a Director of Enviro Therapeutics. He is also a Professor of Neurosurgery and Director of Surgical Neuro-Oncology at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. He holds numerous patents for immunotherapies and nanotechnologies from his NIH funded laboratory. His postgraduate training includes an immunology fellowship at the Institut Pasteur in Paris and a neurosurgery residency at Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard.

Doug Samuelson, Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Samuelson brings over 25 years of experience in finance and accounting, having served as CFO for various biopharma companies. His expertise in financial management and regulatory compliance provides strong support to Kairos Pharma's strategic initiatives. He is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in the State of California. Mr. Samuelson's past roles include CFO of Wellness Center USA, Director of Accounting of Second Sight Medical Products, Inc., and CFO of AdvaVet, Inc. and Solis Tek, Inc. He holds an M.S. in computer science from California State University and a B.S. in accounting from the University of Utah.

Neil Bhowmick, Chief Scientific Officer & President, Enviro Therapeutics

Dr. Bhowmick has over 20 years of extensive biochemistry expertise, including filing and prosecuting patents for therapeutics and devices. He has authored 110 peer-reviewed publications and led foundational and pre-clinical cancer research, successfully obtaining regulatory approvals and conducting clinical trials. Dr. Bhowmick has received over 15 years of continuous NCI/NIH funding, and his work has been cited extensively. He holds six patents for biomarker detection platforms and stromal-targeted therapeutics, including ENV 105 and ENV 205. He completed a fellowship at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and served as Research Director of the Oppenheimer Urologic Reference Laboratory. Dr. Bhowmick is also a Professor in the Department of Medicine and Director of the Cancer Biology Program at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.

Ramchandran Murali, VP, Research and Development

Dr. Murali is an immunologist and molecular engineer recognized for his work in developing pharmacological agents to counter immune suppression in cancer. His extensive research background is instrumental in advancing Kairos's innovative drug pipeline. He is a leading expert in X-ray crystallography, biophysical, biochemical, and immunology fields, having made significant advances in molecular engineering and cell surface receptors. Dr. Murali has developed numerous technologies that reverse key mechanisms of immune suppression of cancer. He is also a Professor of Biomedical Sciences and Research in Immunology at Penn/Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.

The primary risks for Kairos Pharma (KAPA), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, stem from the inherent challenges of drug development and its reliance on intellectual property licenses.

1. Drug Development and Regulatory Approval Risk

   Kairos Pharma's business is heavily dependent on the successful development, clinical testing, and regulatory approval of its drug candidates. As of the date of the provided information, none of its product candidates have been approved as safe or effective by the FDA or any other comparable foreign regulator. The company's pipeline includes drugs in preclinical, Phase 1, and Phase 2 trials, and there is no guarantee that any of these candidates will succeed in clinical trials, demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy, or ultimately receive the necessary regulatory approvals to be commercialized. The drug development process is lengthy, expensive, and subject to high rates of failure.

2. Reliance on Licensed Intellectual Property

   Kairos Pharma's key patents are licensed from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Tracon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. This reliance on licensed intellectual property means that the company does not fully own the foundational rights to its core technologies. Risks associated with this arrangement include the potential for license termination, disputes over license terms, or challenges to the validity or scope of the licensed patents, all of which could significantly impact the company's ability to develop and commercialize its drug candidates.

1. Advancement and commercialization potential of ENV 105 in clinical trials: Kairos Pharma's lead therapeutic agent, ENV 105, is currently undergoing a randomized multicenter Phase 2 trial for prostate cancer and a Phase 1 trial for lung cancer, both of which began enrolling patients in September 2023. Positive interim efficacy results from the Phase 2 prostate cancer trial, reported around November 2025, demonstrated an 86% clinical benefit rate and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 13.7 months, which surpassed expectations. The continued progression and positive readouts from these trials are expected to attract significant partnering interest and strategic collaborations, potentially leading to upfront payments and milestone revenues as ENV 105 moves toward later-stage development and commercialization.
2. Milestone payments and royalties from newly acquired oncology assets CL-273 and CL-741: In early 2026, Kairos Pharma announced the acquisition of exclusive worldwide rights to CL-273, an investigational pan-EGFR inhibitor for EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and a term sheet for CL-741, a Phase 1-ready c-MET inhibitor. The agreement for CL-273 includes a $15 million milestone payment upon FDA New Drug Application (NDA)/Biologics License Application (BLA) submission, as well as a 2% royalty on U.S. net revenues for the life of the related intellectual property. These acquisitions provide direct future revenue potential through milestone achievements and royalties as these targeted therapies advance towards regulatory approval and potential market entry, addressing a projected $16.2 billion market by 2026 for EGFR-mutant lung cancer.
3. Strategic partnerships and licensing agreements for pipeline candidates: As a clinical-stage company, Kairos Pharma strategically seeks partnerships and licensing agreements to generate revenue and fund its ongoing research and development efforts. The company already has an existing licensing agreement with Tracon Pharmaceuticals that includes milestone payments and royalties. The continued advancement of its diversified pipeline, including KROS 201 which has received an IND from the FDA for a Phase 1 clinical trial in recurrent glioblastoma, and other preclinical candidates, enhances its attractiveness for new collaborations. Such agreements would typically involve upfront payments, development milestones, and future royalties on product sales, providing crucial non-dilutive revenue streams.

Share Issuance

• In June 2021, Kairos Pharma issued 6,000,000 shares of newly issued restricted common stock to acquire Enviro Therapeutics, Inc.

Outbound Investments

• In June 2021, Kairos Pharma acquired Enviro Therapeutics, Inc. through a share exchange, making Enviro a wholly owned subsidiary.