Here are a few analogies to describe Federal Signal (FSS):

• Think of them as a highly specialized Caterpillar or Volvo Trucks, focusing exclusively on the heavy-duty vehicles that keep our cities running, like street sweepers, vacuum excavators, and refuse trucks.
• They are also a key supplier of warning lights, sirens, and communication systems for emergency vehicles and industrial safety, much like how Axon Enterprises provides specialized technology for law enforcement.

• Sewer and Industrial Vacuum Trucks: Manufactures specialized vehicles used for municipal sewer cleaning, industrial vacuum loading, and material handling.
• Street Sweepers: Produces various types of street sweeping vehicles for municipal and contractor use.
• Emergency Vehicle Warning Systems: Designs and manufactures lighting, sirens, and communication systems for police, fire, EMS, and utility vehicles.
• Mass Notification & Public Safety Systems: Provides outdoor warning sirens and integrated critical communication solutions for public safety and industrial facilities.

Federal Signal (FSS) primarily sells its products and services to other companies and governmental agencies rather than directly to individuals. The company's customer base is highly fragmented, and according to its most recent annual report (10-K), no single customer accounts for more than 10% of its consolidated net sales.

Therefore, while it's not possible to list specific major named customer companies with stock symbols, Federal Signal serves a broad range of entities across several key categories:

• Governmental Agencies and Municipalities: These customers include local, state, and federal government entities suchs as police departments, fire departments, emergency medical services (EMS), and public works departments. They purchase a wide array of Federal Signal products, including emergency warning systems, communication solutions, street sweepers, and vacuum trucks for public safety and infrastructure maintenance.
• Commercial and Industrial Customers: This category encompasses a diverse group of businesses, including construction contractors, utility companies, environmental service providers, manufacturing facilities, mining operations, and airports. These customers utilize Federal Signal's specialized vehicles (like street sweepers, vacuum excavators), safety solutions, and signaling equipment for their operational and safety needs.
• Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs): Federal Signal also supplies components and sub-systems to other manufacturers who integrate them into their final products. For example, they may provide chassis for fire apparatus or warning light systems for other specialized vehicles.

Due to the fragmented nature of its customer base, Federal Signal does not disclose specific major customers that are public companies generating a significant portion of its revenue.

null

Jennifer L. Sherman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Jennifer L. Sherman was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of Federal Signal Corporation on January 1, 2016, having joined the company in 1994. Prior to her promotion to CEO, she held various leadership roles including Chief Operating Officer, Chief Administrative Officer, Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary. Ms. Sherman began her career as a corporate attorney with a focus on commercial contract disputes, labor law, bankruptcy, securities, and collections. She currently serves on the Board of Franklin Electric Company, Inc. and has been involved with several non-profit boards.

Ian A. Hudson, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Ian A. Hudson was promoted to Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Federal Signal on October 24, 2017, after serving as Interim Chief Financial Officer. He joined Federal Signal in August 2013 as Vice President and Corporate Controller. Before joining the company, Mr. Hudson was Director of Accounting – Latin America and Asia Pacific at Groupon, Inc. from June 2012 to August 2013. Prior to that, he spent 14 years at Ernst & Young, LLP, most recently as a Senior Audit Manager.

Mark D. Weber, Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Mark D. Weber was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, effective January 15, 2018. He rejoined Federal Signal after serving four years as President and CEO of Supreme Industries, Inc., which was successfully sold to Wabash National Corporation during his leadership. Before his time at Supreme Industries, Mr. Weber spent 17 years at Federal Signal in various leadership positions, including President of the Environmental Solutions Group. Earlier in his career, he worked at Cummins Engine Company. He also serves on the Board of Horizon Global Corporation.

Diane I. Bonina, Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Diane I. Bonina became Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Federal Signal on April 26, 2022, having joined the company as Legal Counsel in March 2022. In her role, she is responsible for the company's legal, corporate secretary, and compliance functions. Ms. Bonina previously held senior legal positions at AT&T and was an attorney with the Chicago law firm Jenner & Block in its litigation department. She also served as a law clerk for the Honorable Cornelia G. Kennedy of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.

Felix M. Boeschen, Vice President, Corporate Strategy & Investor Relations

Felix M. Boeschen was appointed Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Investor Relations, effective September 28, 2023. He is responsible for developing and implementing strategic initiatives and leading the company's investor relations efforts. Prior to joining Federal Signal, Mr. Boeschen served as a Vice President of Equity Research at Raymond James from 2020 to 2023, where he covered companies in the machinery, truck equipment, and specialty vehicle sectors.

The key risks to Federal Signal Corporation (FSS) primarily revolve around its reliance on government spending and exposure to broader economic and political uncertainties.

1. Dependence on Government and Municipal Spending: A core aspect of Federal Signal's business model relies heavily on essential government and infrastructure spending. There is a historical correlation indicating a one-to-two-year lag between the condition of the U.S. economy and the company's sales to government entities and municipalities. Consequently, any federal budget cuts could adversely affect state and local government spending, thereby negatively impacting Federal Signal's revenue and profitability.

2. Economic and Political Uncertainty: Federal Signal, particularly with its international operations, is susceptible to various economic and political uncertainties. These include fluctuations in demand, changing international economic, legal, and political conditions, and foreign currency exchange rate changes, all of which are largely beyond the company's direct control. While Federal Signal has actively managed price-cost dynamics and successfully implemented price increases to offset inflationary pressures, ongoing inflationary pressures (such as rising costs for employee benefits, wages, materials, and services) and potential tariffs (including retaliatory tariffs) present continuous operational challenges.

The most significant clear emerging threat to Federal Signal (FSS) is the rapid acceleration of the electrification of municipal and industrial vehicle fleets.

Federal Signal's Environmental Solutions Group heavily relies on the manufacture and sale of traditional diesel-powered heavy equipment such as street sweepers, vacuum trucks, sewer cleaners, and hydro-excavators. Many municipalities, government agencies, and industrial customers, which are FSS's core market, are increasingly setting aggressive targets for transitioning their fleets to electric or alternative fuel vehicles to meet environmental goals, reduce noise pollution, and achieve long-term operational savings.

This shift represents a substantial threat as it requires significant investment in research and development to design and produce competitive electric alternatives. If FSS is unable to innovate and scale its electric product offerings at a pace commensurate with market demand or if it lags behind competitors already deploying robust electric solutions, it risks losing substantial market share in its core equipment segments.

Environmental Solutions Group

• Street Sweepers: The global street sweeper market was valued at approximately USD 2.1 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to USD 3.4 billion by 2035, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 4.4%. The North America street sweeper market alone was estimated at USD 870.1 million in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 1.56 billion by 2034, growing at a CAGR of 6.1%.
• Industrial Vacuum Loader Trucks / Vacuum Trucks: The global industrial vacuum loader truck market size was estimated at USD 1.23 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 2.44 billion by 2033, with a CAGR of 7.09%. Another estimate places the global vacuum truck market at USD 2.1 billion in 2024, expected to exceed USD 5.15 billion by 2037, at a CAGR of 6.5%. The U.S. vacuum truck market is projected to reach an estimated value of USD 930.6 million by 2032.
• Refuse Collection Vehicles (Garbage Collection Trucks): The global garbage collection trucks market is anticipated to be approximately USD 15,032.7 million in 2025 and is projected to rise to USD 20,049.9 million by 2032, at a CAGR of 4.2%. Another report values the global market at USD 8.9 billion in 2024, with a projection to reach USD 14.1 billion by 2035, at a CAGR of 4.2%.
• Dump Truck Bodies: The global dump truck bodies market size was approximately USD 2.34 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 3.79 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of about 5.5%. For North America, the dump truck/body manufacturing market was estimated at USD 660 million in 2022.
• Trailers (Dump Trailers): The global dump trailer market is valued at USD 11.43 billion in 2025 and is projected to reach USD 27.35 billion by 2035, expanding at a CAGR of 9.1%. North America leads this market with a 35% share.

Safety and Security Systems Group

• Public Safety and Security Systems: The global public safety and security market size was valued at USD 516.68 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 1,124.77 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 14.3%. North America held a dominant share of 38.7% of the global market in 2024.
• Emergency Vehicle Lighting: The global emergency warning lights market is estimated to be valued at USD 2.15 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach USD 3.07 billion by 2032, with a CAGR of 5.2%. North America is estimated to lead this market with a share of 41.3% in 2025.
• Outdoor Warning Sirens: The global outdoor warning sirens market size was valued at USD 169.43 million in 2024 and is expected to grow to USD 275.33 million by 2034, with a CAGR of 5.0%. The North American market for outdoor warning sirens is calculated at USD 46.5 million for 2024 and is projected to reach USD 60.7 million by 2034, at a CAGR of 2.7%.
• Public Address Systems: The global public address and voice alarm systems market size reached USD 3.3 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 5.8 billion by 2033, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 6.37%. North America holds 33% of the total public address system demand.
• Fire Trucks: The global fire truck market size was valued at USD 9.15 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 11.96 billion by 2032, at a CAGR of 3.41%. North America's fire truck market size was valued at USD 8.21 billion in 2024 and is expected to be worth USD 13.29 billion by 2033, with a CAGR of 5.50%.

The following are 3-5 expected drivers of future revenue growth for Federal Signal (FSS) over the next 2-3 years:

1. Sustained Strong Demand in Core Markets: Federal Signal anticipates continued robust demand in its publicly funded and industrial markets. This persistent strength is a key driver for both its Environmental Solutions Group (ESG) and Safety and Security Systems Group (SSG), leading to sustained sales growth for its products and aftermarket offerings.
2. Strategic Acquisitions and Inorganic Growth: Acquisitions are a significant component of Federal Signal's growth strategy. Recent successful integrations, such as HOG Technologies and Standard Equipment, have already contributed to revenue expansion. The ongoing integration of the New Way division is particularly highlighted as a long-term catalyst for increasing market share in the refuse truck segment. The company projects its growth to be evenly split between organic and inorganic contributions.
3. Aftermarket Sales Growth and Price Realization: Strong aftermarket demand for parts and services, coupled with effective price realization strategies, continues to be a meaningful contributor to Federal Signal's revenue growth. This allows the company to capitalize on its installed base and manage costs effectively.
4. Increased Production and Operational Enhancements: Efforts to increase production levels, including capacity expansions and automation initiatives at key facilities, are expected to support higher sales volumes. Furthermore, the "build more parts" initiative aims to enhance in-sourcing of components, which can reduce supply chain vulnerabilities and improve efficiency, indirectly boosting revenue by ensuring product availability.

Share Repurchases

• Federal Signal's Board of Directors authorized a new stock repurchase program of up to $150 million in April 2025.
• As of the end of the first quarter of 2025, approximately $27 million remained under a previous stock repurchase program authorized in March 2020.
• From the March 2020 buyback plan, the company repurchased 1,173,156 shares for $67.81 million as of September 30, 2025.

Share Issuance

• The company's common stock par value increased by $0.4 million between 2023 and 2024, indicating the issuance of approximately 0.4 million shares, likely related to equity compensation.

Outbound Investments

• In September 2025, Federal Signal agreed to acquire New Way Trucks for an initial purchase price of $396 million, plus an additional $30 million for manufacturing facilities, marking an expansion into the refuse collection vehicle market.
• The company acquired Standard Equipment Company in 2024 for an upfront value of $38.8 million, with a potential for an additional $4.8 million in contingent earn-outs.
• In 2023, Federal Signal completed the acquisitions of Trackless Vehicles Limited, Trackless Vehicles Asset Corp, and Work Equipment Ltd.

Capital Expenditures

• Expected capital expenditures for 2025 are projected to be between $40 million and $50 million.
• Total capital expenditures were $41.8 million in 2024 and $30.8 million in 2023.
• For the nine months ending September 30, 2025, Federal Signal funded $19.9 million in capital expenditures.