Here are 1-3 brief analogies for Carpenter Technology (CRS):

• The 'Intel Inside' for advanced metal alloys.

• DuPont for high-performance metal materials.

• Qualcomm for advanced metal alloys.

• Premium Specialty Alloys: Manufactures a wide range of high-performance metals including stainless steels, titanium alloys, and nickel-based superalloys, designed for extreme conditions.
• Powder Metals: Produces metallic powders for additive manufacturing (3D printing) and other powder metallurgy applications requiring advanced material properties.
• Engineered Products: Develops and supplies custom-formed parts, such as bars, wire, strip, and finished components, from their specialty alloys to meet specific customer requirements.

Carpenter Technology (symbol: CRS) primarily sells its advanced specialty materials and process solutions to other companies (B2B).

According to its latest annual report (Form 10-K), **no single customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company's consolidated net sales in fiscal 2023, 2022, or 2021.** This indicates that Carpenter Technology has a highly diversified customer base rather than reliance on a few major individual clients.

However, its customer base consists of manufacturers and suppliers across several high-performance industries that require specialty metals and alloys for critical applications. While specific customer names and their revenue contributions are not disclosed by Carpenter Technology, the types of companies that are their customers include:

• Aerospace & Defense: Manufacturers of aircraft, jet engines, spacecraft, satellites, and defense systems where materials must withstand extreme temperatures, pressures, and stresses. Examples of companies that operate in this sector and would utilize Carpenter Technology's materials include:
  • Boeing (BA)
  • Lockheed Martin (LMT)
  • Northrop Grumman (NOC)
  • RTX Corporation (formerly Raytheon Technologies) (RTX)
  • General Electric (specifically GE Aerospace, part of GE)
• Medical: Producers of medical devices, surgical instruments, and implants where biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and high strength are crucial. Examples of companies that operate in this sector include:
  • Medtronic (MDT)
  • Stryker (SYK)
  • Zimmer Biomet Holdings (ZBH)
• Energy: Companies involved in oil and gas exploration and production, power generation (including nuclear, fossil fuel, and renewable energy), and other critical energy infrastructure components. Examples of companies that operate in this sector include:
  • Schlumberger (SLB)
  • Baker Hughes (BKR)
• Industrial & Consumer: Manufacturers of high-performance industrial equipment, automotive components, specialized tools, and various high-end consumer products requiring advanced material properties. Examples of companies that operate in this sector include:
  • Caterpillar (CAT)
  • Parker-Hannifin (PH)

It is important to note that the companies listed above are representative examples of the types of manufacturers within Carpenter Technology's served industries that would utilize their specialty materials. Carpenter Technology does not publicly disclose specific direct customer relationships or the percentage of revenue generated from any individual customer, as none are deemed major enough to be individually disclosed per SEC regulations.

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Tony R. Thene, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

Mr. Thene was appointed Chairman of the Board of Carpenter Technology in October 2025 and has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since July 2015, when he was also appointed to the Board of Directors. Prior to his current role, he served as Carpenter Technology's Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from January 2013 to June 2015. Before joining Carpenter Technology, Mr. Thene held various operating and financial roles at other companies. He currently serves on the Board of Directors for Neenah, Inc., a global specialty materials company.

Timothy Lain, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Lain was named Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Carpenter Technology Corporation in August 2020. He previously served as the company's Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and Vice President – Controller & Chief Accounting Officer. Mr. Lain joined Carpenter Technology in 2007 and has over 20 years of financial experience. Before joining Carpenter, he served as Audit Director at McGladrey & Pullen.

Brian J. Malloy, President and Chief Operating Officer

Mr. Malloy was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer of Carpenter Technology in October 2025. In this role, he leads the company's Specialty Alloys Operations (SAO) and Performance Engineered Products (PEP) business segments. Mr. Malloy joined Carpenter Technology in August 2015 and has served in various Commercial and Operations leadership roles, driving growth in strategic marketing, technology innovation, and operational excellence.

James D. Dee, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Mr. Dee was named Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Carpenter Technology Corporation in August 2020. He also serves as Carpenter Technology's Chief Governance Officer and Chief Compliance Officer. He previously held the position of Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary for the company.

Marshall Akins, Vice President - Chief Commercial Officer

Mr. Akins was named Vice President - Chief Commercial Officer of Carpenter Technology Corporation in February 2022. He joined Carpenter Technology in 2016 as Vice President – Aerospace, leading the Company's Aerospace and Defense market. Mr. Akins is responsible for overseeing Carpenter Technology's commercial operations, including commercial strategy, market development, and sales and customer support. Prior to joining Carpenter Technology, he worked for the Boston Consulting Group, a global management consulting firm.

The key risks to Carpenter Technology (CRS) are:

1. Dependence on Cyclical End Markets: Carpenter Technology has a significant reliance on cyclical sectors, particularly aerospace and defense. A downturn or slowdown in these key end markets could adversely affect the company's revenue streams and overall financial performance.
2. Raw Material Price Volatility: The company's operations are susceptible to fluctuations in the prices of critical raw materials such as nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, titanium, and iron. While Carpenter Technology employs strategies like raw material surcharges, indices to customers, and forward contracts to mitigate these impacts, rapid increases in raw material costs could still negatively affect its ability to recover costs and impact profitability.
3. Competitive Pressure and Margin Risk: The specialty metals industry is highly competitive, requiring continuous innovation and operational excellence for Carpenter Technology to maintain its market share. Additionally, while surcharge mechanisms help recover raw material cost increases, they can dilute gross margins as a percentage of sales, making the company susceptible to missing margin targets if raw material prices fluctuate.

The increasing adoption and advancement of additive manufacturing (3D printing) for high-performance metal components poses an emerging threat. While Carpenter Technology participates in the additive manufacturing market through its Carpenter Additive division, the broader trend could disrupt demand for its traditionally manufactured specialty metal forms (e.g., bar, wire, billet) if customers increasingly shift to 3D printing parts using materials or processes not primarily supplied by Carpenter, or if other companies develop superior proprietary additive manufacturing alloys and production capabilities that displace Carpenter's traditional market share.

Carpenter Technology (CRS) primarily manufactures and distributes specialty alloys, including stainless steels, corrosion-resistant nickel, copper, and titanium alloys, as well as powdered alloys. The company's main products and services serve critical applications across various end-use markets such as aerospace, medical, energy, and transportation.

Addressable Markets for Carpenter Technology's Main Products and Services:

• Specialty Alloys (Global): The global specialty alloys market was estimated at approximately USD 45 billion in 2023 and is projected to expand to USD 68 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.8%. Another source valued the global specialty alloys market at USD 24.6 billion in 2023, with an expectation to reach USD 28.9 billion by 2031 at a CAGR of 4.3%. A different report indicated the global specialty alloys market size was $52.957 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach $60.6 billion by the end of 2025. North America accounted for more than 35% of the global demand in 2024.
• High-Performance Alloys (Global): The global high-performance alloys market was valued at USD 11.36 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 15.89 billion by 2033, demonstrating a CAGR of 3.8%. Another estimate for the global high-performance alloys market size was USD 11.34 billion by 2024, with an expected CAGR of 4.7% during the forecast period. North America dominated this market, holding a 38% share in 2024.
• Medical Alloys (Global): The global medical alloys market size was estimated at USD 17.48 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 28.83 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 8.7% from 2025 to 2030. Another report indicates the global metal implants and medical alloys market was worth approximately USD 16.12 billion in 2023 and is predicted to grow to around USD 39.91 billion by 2032, with a CAGR of roughly 10.72%. North America held 33.9% of the global medical alloys market in 2024.
• Aerospace Alloys (Global): The global aerospace high-performance alloys market was valued at USD 2.59 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 3.74 billion by 2030, with a CAGR of 4.7% from 2023 to 2030. The global aerospace special metal market is projected at USD 7.39 billion in 2025 and is expected to expand to USD 15.74 billion by 2034, showing a CAGR of 8.76%. North America currently holds the largest market share in the aerospace high-performance alloys sector.

Carpenter Technology Corporation (NYSE: CRS) is expected to drive future revenue growth over the next 2-3 years through several key initiatives and market dynamics:

1. Strong Demand in Core End Markets: Carpenter Technology anticipates continued robust demand in its primary end-use markets, particularly aerospace and defense, medical, and energy. The company explicitly states its strategy to build on its core business in these attractive and fast-growing sectors. For instance, the aerospace and defense market is experiencing accelerating demand with higher sequential orders, extended lead times, urgent defense orders, and robust multi-year supply contracts. The energy sector, though a smaller percentage of revenue, showed significant growth in Q4 FY2025, with power generation demand more than doubling year-over-year, driven by the surge in data center demand and AI adoption. Medical sales also show strong underlying demand.

2. Capacity Expansion and Strategic Acquisitions: Carpenter Technology is investing in expanding its production capabilities to meet this strong customer demand for its premium products. This includes "brownfield" capital expenditures and leveraging past strategic acquisitions to provide needed capacity. Historically, acquisitions like Latrobe Specialty Metals (which provided capacity for premium products and improved position in aerospace and energy) and CalRAM (which strengthened additive manufacturing capabilities) have been part of their growth strategy, focusing on markets that value the technical sophistication of their products.

3. Favorable Pricing and Optimized Product Mix: The company expects to achieve revenue growth through pricing opportunities and optimizing its product mix, especially as industry capacity is challenged. This is a recurring theme in their earnings commentary, contributing to expanding operating margins and, consequently, revenue.

4. New Product Offerings and Advanced Technology Solutions: Carpenter Technology emphasizes its focus on developing new alloys and products to meet growing demand for technological advancements. They leverage their metallurgical and application expertise to innovate and offer a unique portfolio of alloy solutions, aiming to be a preferred solutions provider for critical applications. Their additive manufacturing capabilities, strengthened by acquisitions, are also key to commercializing important new product offerings.

Share Repurchases

• Carpenter Technology’s Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $400.0 million in July 2024.
• The company repurchased approximately $101.9 million in shares during fiscal year 2025 (July 2024 to June 2025), with quarterly repurchases including $32.1 million in Q1 FY2025, $8.2 million in Q2 FY2025, $37.5 million in Q3 FY2025, and $24.1 million in Q4 FY2025.
• In the first quarter of fiscal year 2026 (ended September 30, 2025), Carpenter Technology repurchased $49.1 million in stock, leaving $249.0 million available under the $400.0 million authorization.

Capital Expenditures

• Capital expenditures for fiscal year 2025 totaled approximately $125.2 million, with specific quarterly expenditures of $27.0 million in Q1 FY2025, $40.2 million in Q3 FY2025, and $58.0 million in Q4 FY2025.
• For fiscal year 2026, the company anticipates capital expenditures between $175 million and $185 million.
• These capital expenditures are primarily focused on brownfield expansion projects to add primary and secondary melt capacity, aiming to accelerate growth in markets such as aerospace, defense, medical, and power generation.