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Here are 1-3 brief analogies for Crescent Energy (CRGY):

• Crescent Energy is a focused oil and gas producer, similar to the upstream division of a major company like ExxonMobil or Chevron.
• Think of them as an oil and gas exploration and production company, akin to Pioneer Natural Resources or EOG Resources.

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• Crude Oil: A naturally occurring, unrefined petroleum product extracted from the earth.
• Natural Gas: A fossil energy source formed deep beneath the earth's surface, primarily composed of methane.
• Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs): Hydrocarbons that are separated from natural gas in processing plants and include ethane, propane, butane, and natural gasoline.

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Crescent Energy (CRGY) is an upstream oil and gas company that explores for, develops, and produces crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids (NGLs). Due to the fungible nature of these commodities and the competitive market in which they operate, Crescent Energy typically sells its production to a diverse group of purchasers rather than having one or a few "major" customers that account for a significant portion of their revenue and are publicly disclosed.

Therefore, while specific customer names are not publicly available, Crescent Energy's sales are primarily to other companies within the energy value chain. These include:

• Midstream Companies: These companies purchase crude oil and natural gas for gathering, processing, and transportation through pipeline networks to downstream markets.
• Refiners: Companies that process crude oil into refined products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.
• Natural Gas Marketing Companies and Utilities: Entities that purchase natural gas for distribution to industrial, commercial, and residential customers, or for power generation.
• Petrochemical Companies: These companies purchase NGLs (like ethane, propane, and butane) as feedstocks for manufacturing plastics, chemicals, and other industrial products.

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David Rockecharlie, Chief Executive Officer and Member of the Board of Directors

David Rockecharlie was appointed CEO in December 2021. He is also a Partner and Head of Energy Real Assets at KKR & Co. Inc., underscoring the private equity firm's continued influence and significant long-term investment in Crescent Energy. Rockecharlie emphasizes disciplined execution and maximizing free cash flow for shareholders. Crescent Energy itself is a product of strategic mergers and acquisitions, evolving from Contango Oil & Gas. He recently purchased 10,000 shares of the company's stock.

Brandi Kendall, Chief Financial Officer, Investor Relations, and Member of the Board of Directors

Brandi Kendall manages the financial strategy, including Crescent Energy's consistent return of capital strategy. She also serves as a member of the Board of Directors. Kendall recently purchased 1,285 shares of Crescent Energy stock.

Joey Hall, Chief Operating Officer

Joey Hall was appointed Chief Operating Officer, effective June 2, 2025. Prior to joining Crescent Energy, he served as the Executive Vice President, Operations, for Pioneer Natural Resources Company, where he was also a member of the Executive Committee. Hall served in this role until Pioneer was acquired in May 2024. During his multi-decade career at Pioneer, he held leadership roles overseeing development and operational strategy in multiple regions, including the Eagle Ford and Permian Basin.

Todd Falk, Chief Accounting Officer

Todd Falk previously held the position of Director of Finance and Controller of Vitruvian Exploration. He began his career at Deloitte as a senior manager, where he specialized in assisting energy clients with complex financial reporting issues, including initial public offerings and interactions with the SEC. Falk possesses over 17 years of finance and accounting experience in the energy industry and is a Certified Public Accountant. He holds a B.S. in Accounting and an M.S. in Finance from Texas A&M University.

Bo Shi, General Counsel & Corporate Secretary

Bo Shi serves as the General Counsel and Corporate Secretary for Crescent Energy.

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The key risks to Crescent Energy (CRGY) are primarily driven by the inherent nature of the energy industry and the company's growth strategy:

1. Commodity Price Volatility: Crescent Energy's financial performance is highly susceptible to fluctuations in crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids (NGLs) prices. These prices are historically volatile due to geopolitical events, supply and demand dynamics, and economic conditions. While the company utilizes derivative instruments to mitigate some of this risk, it remains vulnerable to significant market swings that can impact its revenues, operating results, profitability, and investment decisions.
2. Acquisition-Driven Growth and Integration Risk: Crescent Energy's strategy heavily relies on strategic acquisitions to expand its asset portfolio and drive growth. This approach introduces considerable execution risk, including the challenge of successfully integrating acquired assets and realizing projected synergies. Missteps in the acquisition process or the failure to integrate new companies effectively could erode shareholder value, strain operational resources, and hinder overall growth potential.
3. High Levels of Debt and Financial Obligations: The company's reliance on debt financing exposes it to interest rate risk and potential liquidity constraints. High levels of debt can limit Crescent Energy's operational flexibility, restrict its ability to secure additional funding on favorable terms, and impact its capacity to withstand industry downturns or pursue future growth opportunities. The need to actively manage its balance sheet and potentially achieve an investment-grade debt rating underscores the significance of this financial risk.

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• The accelerating global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), which directly reduces demand for crude oil, a primary product of Crescent Energy, by displacing gasoline consumption.
• Rapid advancements and cost reductions in renewable energy sources (such as solar and wind) combined with improving grid-scale battery storage solutions, which increasingly displace natural gas, another key product of Crescent Energy, in the power generation sector.

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Crescent Energy (CRGY) operates within the United States market, focusing on the exploration, development, and production of crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids (NGLs).

Addressable Markets:

• Natural Gas (U.S. Market): The U.S. natural gas market is a significant addressable market for Crescent Energy. It is projected to be valued at approximately US$473.4 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach US$601.8 billion by 2032, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.5% during this period.
• Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs) (U.S. Market): The U.S. natural gas liquids market represents another key addressable market. This market was estimated at USD 5.9 billion in 2024. It is projected to grow from USD 6.22 billion in 2025 to USD 10.6 billion by 2035, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period of 2025-2035. North America, where the U.S. is the top performer with 92.8% market share in 2024, saw its NGL market estimated to grow from USD 7.08 billion in 2024 to USD 11.53 billion in 2033.
• Crude Oil (U.S. Market): For crude oil, which is a primary product for Crescent Energy, the broader United States Oil and Gas Market (encompassing both crude oil and natural gas) provides an indication of market scale. This combined market was valued at approximately USD 142.81 billion in 2025 and is estimated to reach USD 149.32 billion in 2026. Projections indicate further growth to USD 186.63 billion by 2031, with a CAGR of 4.56% from 2026-2031. The U.S. also stands as the world's leading oil producer, with production levels around 22,844,371 barrels per day as of 2024. The country's oil consumption was approximately 20,463,721 barrels per day in 2024.

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Here are 3-5 expected drivers of future revenue growth for Crescent Energy (CRGY) over the next 2-3 years:

1. Strategic Acquisitions: Crescent Energy's primary strategy for growth is through disciplined acquisitions, exemplified by the significant Vital Energy acquisition, which is anticipated to establish it as a top 10 U.S. independent producer and drive substantial production growth. This strategy expands the company's operational scale and asset diversification.
2. Increased Production Volumes from Core Basins: The company's focus on key U.S. oil and gas basins, including the Eagle Ford, Permian, and Uinta, is expected to drive revenue growth through increased production. Crescent Energy aims to leverage low-decline production and development opportunities for future drilling and completion programs, with oil production forecast to increase by low to mid-single digits and overall production growth projected around 30% year-over-year for 2025.
3. Portfolio Optimization and Operational Efficiency: Crescent Energy is actively optimizing its portfolio by divesting non-core assets to focus on higher-margin assets within its core basins. This strategic reshaping, combined with operational efficiencies such as reduced well costs and improved completion efficiency in key basins like Eagle Ford and Uinta, is expected to enhance profitability and contribute to revenue growth.
4. Growth in Natural Gas and NGL Sales: While crude oil remains a primary revenue driver, Crescent Energy is experiencing surging demand and sales in natural gas and natural gas liquids (NGLs). The company has been actively expanding its natural gas portfolio through strategic acquisitions, capitalizing on the increasing use of natural gas in power generation and industrial processes, and the growing demand for NGLs in the petrochemical industry.
5. Expansion into Mineral and Royalty Interests: Crescent Energy is diversifying its revenue streams by strategically acquiring mineral and royalty interests. The introduction of Crescent Royalties, described as a world-class minerals platform, is expected to contribute approximately $160 million of annual cash flow, providing a stable revenue stream and aiding in a lower breakeven point during cyclical downturns.

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Share Repurchases

• Crescent Energy repurchased approximately $33 million of its Common Stock in 2025.
• The company had a previously authorized $150 million share repurchase program, with approximately $86 million remaining at year-end 2025.
• In February 2026, Crescent Energy's Board extended the share repurchase program indefinitely and increased the authorization to $400 million.

Share Issuance

• In February 2025, Crescent Energy issued 5.5 million shares of Class A Common Stock as part of the Ridgemar Acquisition.
• In July 2024, Crescent Energy issued 51.6 million shares of Class A Common Stock in connection with the SilverBow Merger.
• In December 2024, Crescent Energy issued 6.9 million shares of Class A Common Stock in an underwritten public offering, receiving net proceeds of $105.7 million.

Outbound Investments

• In 2025, Crescent Energy completed approximately $4 billion of accretive acquisitions and around $900 million of non-core divestitures, resulting in approximately $5 billion in portfolio transformation transactions.
• On December 15, 2025, Crescent Energy closed the acquisition of Vital Energy in the Permian for approximately $3.1 billion, inclusive of net debt assumed, through an all-stock transaction.
• In January 2025, Crescent Energy closed the acquisition of Central Eagle Ford assets for $905 million, consisting of $830 million in cash and approximately 5.5 million shares of Common Stock.

Capital Expenditures

• Crescent Energy's capital expenditures (excluding acquisitions) for the fourth quarter of 2025 were $226 million.
• The full-year 2025 capital expenditure guidance was enhanced to a range of $910 million to $970 million.
• Capital expenditures are primarily focused on drilling and completion activities in the Eagle Ford, Permian, and Uinta regions, with a reported 15% reduction in drilling and completion costs per foot year-over-year in 2025 due to operational efficiencies.