• A regional **Comcast (Xfinity)**
• Like **Charter Communications (Spectrum)**, but serving specific geographic regions in the Northeast and Midwest US

• Internet Services: Provides high-speed broadband internet access for residential and business customers.
• Television Services: Offers traditional cable television programming packages, including live channels, on-demand content, and DVR capabilities.
• Voice Services: Delivers landline phone services with unlimited local and long-distance calling features.
• Mobile Services: Provides cellular mobile phone services leveraging partner networks for connectivity.

Optimum Communications (symbol: ATUS), operating as Altice USA, sells primarily to individuals and small businesses. Therefore, its customers are best described by categories rather than specific major companies.

Customer Categories for Optimum Communications (Altice USA):

1. Residential Subscribers: These are individual households and families who subscribe to broadband internet, pay television (cable TV), and voice (landline phone) services for personal and family use. This segment constitutes the largest portion of Optimum's customer base across its service areas.
2. Small and Medium-Sized Businesses (SMBs): This category includes local businesses, offices, and various commercial enterprises that utilize Optimum's business-grade internet, voice, and TV services. These services are tailored to meet the operational and connectivity needs of small to mid-sized organizations.
3. Wholesale and Enterprise Clients: While a smaller part of their core customer base, this segment comprises larger organizations, including other telecommunication providers, government entities, and large enterprises, who may purchase bulk connectivity, specialized network solutions, or dark fiber services.

Optimum Communications Management Team

Dennis Mathew, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Dennis Mathew serves as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Altice USA, which operates Optimum. A telecommunications industry veteran, he spent 17 years in senior corporate and operational leadership positions at Comcast, where he focused on residential and commercial businesses across the entire Comcast portfolio of products and services. Mathew oversaw the strategic, financial, and operational performance in Comcast's largest regions. He is also an entrepreneur, co-founding and chairing Bloom India, a nonprofit dedicated to providing high-quality education to underprivileged children in India, and founding ConnectEd, an organization focused on digital education. Mathew currently serves on the boards of C-SPAN, The Paley Center for Media, and the Partnership for New York City.

Marc Sirota, Chief Financial Officer
Marc Sirota oversees all financial functions for Altice USA. He brings over 30 years of experience in the telecommunications industry, including more than 20 years at Comcast, where he held various senior financial roles such as CFO at the Division and Region levels, Cable Assistant Controller, and Senior Vice President of Enterprise Business Intelligence. Sirota began his career as an auditor at Deloitte, where he spent seven years and led the Comcast audit engagement. He has served on several professional and non-profit boards, including chairing the National Cable Telecommunications Association Operations & Finance Committee.

David Williams, EVP, President - Consumer Services
David Williams leads all aspects of Optimum's residential business, including sales, brand, marketing & media, acquisition, and customer base management. He also oversees the regional Optimum Market Structure, driving hyperlocal strategies and partnerships. Williams joined Optimum in early 2023 as Chief Revenue Officer. Prior to joining Optimum, he spent over 20 years at Comcast in various sales and marketing leadership roles, most recently as Chief Marketing Officer for the company's largest cable division.

Michael Parker, EVP, President - Business Services
Michael Parker is responsible for all aspects of Optimum's B2B business, including sales & sales operations, marketing, acquisition, and customer base management for the company's full portfolio of connectivity and managed services for small, medium, and enterprise business customers. Parker joined Optimum from Comcast, where he spent more than 20 years in various leadership roles, most recently as Regional Senior Vice President of the company's Beltway Region. During his tenure at Comcast, he directed the company into new market segments and geographies, led strategic and operational planning, and held P&L responsibility for multi-billion dollar business units.

Leroy Williams, EVP, Chief Growth & Innovation Officer
Leroy Williams focuses on strengthening, expanding, and driving the P&L and strategic management of Optimum's consumer and business product set. He assesses opportunities for expansion, identifies new business opportunities, and drives innovation through strategic relationships and integrations with external technology, ecosystem, and innovation partners. Williams joined Optimum in early 2023 as Chief Growth Officer. Previously, he served as Chief Product Officer for the Mobile Division at Samsung Electronics America. Prior to Samsung, he held senior leadership positions at Rogers Communications and Verizon, leading marketing and sales operations.

• Intensified Competition in Broadband: Altice USA's core broadband business faces significant emerging threats from new market entrants. Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) providers, primarily T-Mobile and Verizon, are rapidly expanding their high-speed internet services as a direct alternative to traditional cable broadband, often at competitive prices and without requiring physical cable infrastructure. Concurrently, numerous regional fiber overbuilders and government-funded municipal broadband initiatives are actively deploying new fiber-to-the-home networks within Altice USA's service territories, offering superior speeds, reliability, and lower latency compared to its legacy hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) network in many areas. These alternatives pose a direct challenge to Altice USA's ability to retain and grow its internet subscriber base.

• Accelerated Cord-Cutting and Shift to Virtual MVPDs/Streaming: The ongoing and accelerating trend of cord-cutting continues to pose a substantial threat to Altice USA's traditional video subscription business. Consumers are increasingly abandoning costly linear TV bundles in favor of more flexible and often more affordable virtual Multi-Channel Video Programming Distributors (vMVPDs) like YouTube TV, Hulu + Live TV, and Sling TV, or by curating their own collection of direct-to-consumer streaming services such as Netflix, Disney+, Max, and Peacock. This persistent shift significantly erodes Altice USA's video subscriber base and associated revenue, forcing greater reliance on broadband-only subscriptions.

Optimum Communications (symbol: ATUS), a brand of Altice USA, offers a range of telecommunications products and services. The estimated addressable markets for its main offerings in the United States are as follows:

• Broadband Internet: The broadband services market in the U.S. is estimated at approximately $406.19 billion in 2024. This market is projected to grow to $425.78 billion in 2025 and reach an estimated $745.34 billion by 2030.
• Pay Television (Cable TV): The U.S. Pay TV market size was estimated at $60.7 billion in 2024 and is predicted to be worth around $75.99 billion by 2034. The North America Pay TV Market is expected to achieve a market value of $81.46 billion by 2031.
• VoIP/Telephone Services (Unified Communications): The U.S. unified communications market size was valued at $32.30 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach $59.40 billion by 2030.
• Business Services (Business Communication Solutions): The North American business communication solution market, which includes voice, video, text, and collaboration tools, was valued at approximately $22 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to $36 billion by 2035.

For mobile services, advertising services, and news content, specific addressable market sizes directly relevant to Optimum Communications' operational model could not be identified.

Expected Drivers of Future Revenue Growth for Optimum Communications (ATUS)

Over the next 2-3 years, Optimum Communications (formerly Altice USA, symbol: ATUS) is expected to drive future revenue growth through several key initiatives:

1. Fiber Network Expansion and Customer Growth: Optimum is actively investing in and expanding its fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network, which is a key growth engine for the company. In Q3 2025, the company reported reaching over 700,000 fiber customers, marking a 46% increase compared to Q3 2024. Its fiber network now passes over 3 million homes, with a customer penetration rate of 23.0%, up from 16.6% in Q3 2024. The company anticipates reaching 1 million fiber customers by the end of 2026, with the majority of its passing growth in 2025 stemming from new fiber deployments.
2. Mobile Subscriber Growth and Service Convergence: Optimum Mobile is identified as a significant growth area, aiming to deepen customer relationships and increase loyalty through convergence with broadband services. In Q3 2025, Optimum added 38,000 new mobile lines, increasing its total to 584,000 lines, a 39% increase year-over-year. Mobile customer penetration of its broadband customer base reached 7.3% by the end of Q3 2025. The company expects to reach 1 million mobile lines by the end of 2027 and projects that growth in value-added services, including mobile, could contribute up to $500 million in incremental revenue over time as penetration targets are met.
3. Expansion of Business Services (Lightpath): The Lightpath business segment, which serves enterprise and wholesale customers, is positioned for growth, particularly within the hyperscaler market. Optimum Communications has secured new contracts and built a strong pipeline of opportunities in this area, with more than $100 million in awarded contracts reported by the end of 2024. These contracts are expected to begin contributing to revenue in Q4 2025, with continued growth projected through 2026 and beyond.
4. Strategic Refinements and Go-to-Market Strategies for Broadband: Despite facing intense competition and a low-growth market environment that has affected broadband subscriber trends, Optimum is focusing on refining its market strategies. The company is sharpening its go-to-market and base management strategies to strengthen broadband performance and improve its revenue trajectory. These efforts include capturing new growth opportunities through innovation, product expansion, and tailored go-to-market approaches, such as income-constrained and hyper-local offerings, which are currently being scaled.

Share Repurchases

• Optimum Communications (ATUS) repurchased $804.9 million in shares during fiscal year 2021.
• Quarterly share buybacks showed a significant decrease after 2021, with $79.42 million recorded in Q3 2021, and no substantial amounts reported for subsequent periods through Q2 2025.

Share Issuance

• No significant dollar amount of share issuances by Optimum Communications (ATUS) was identified for the last 3-5 years.

Inbound Investments

• No significant large investments made in Optimum Communications (ATUS) by third parties were identified as completed transactions in the last 3-5 years.

Outbound Investments

• Lightpath, a subsidiary of Optimum Communications (ATUS), expanded its presence by launching an "AI-Grade" fiber network in the Phoenix market, covering 230 route miles.
• Lightpath further strengthened its fiber infrastructure through the acquisition of United Fiber & Data assets.
• In Q1 2025, Optimum Communications (ATUS) initiated a strategic partnership with Google Cloud to embed AI and digital tools across its operations.

Capital Expenditures

• Capital expenditures for Optimum Communications (ATUS) amounted to $1.705 billion in 2023 and $1.914 billion in 2022.
• For the full year 2025, cash capital expenditures are projected to be approximately $1.2 billion.
• The primary focus of these capital expenditures is fiber network expansion, with plans to increase total passings by over 175,000 in 2025 and to enable multi-gig speeds across 65% of its fiber network by the end of 2028.