Here are 1-2 brief analogies for Larimar Therapeutics:

• Like BioMarin Pharmaceutical, but focused on developing a protein replacement therapy for Friedreich's ataxia.
• Like Vertex Pharmaceuticals, but aiming to treat the genetic disorder Friedreich's ataxia with a precision medicine approach.

• Nomlabofos (formerly CTI-1601): This is a recombinant fusion protein currently in clinical development, designed to deliver human frataxin to the mitochondria of patients with Friedreich's ataxia.

Larimar Therapeutics (LRMR) is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing therapies for Friedreich's Ataxia.

As a clinical-stage company, Larimar Therapeutics does not currently have any approved products on the market available for sale to either companies or individuals. Therefore, the company does not have "major customers" in the traditional sense, as it is not generating revenue from product sales.

Its primary activities are research and development, particularly advancing its lead product candidate, CTI-1601, through clinical trials.

Major Suppliers of Larimar Therapeutics (LRMR):

• Sanofi (SNY)
• PolyPeptide Group AG (PPGN)

Carole Ben-Maimon, MD - President and Chief Executive Officer

Carole Ben-Maimon joined Larimar Therapeutics in December 2016 as President and Chief Executive Officer, bringing over 25 years of experience in the pharmaceutical industry to the company. She previously worked with Deerfield Management Company, evaluating investment opportunities in the brand and generic industry. Before that, she was President of Global Pharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of Impax Laboratories, and held leadership roles at Barr Pharmaceuticals and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries. Dr. Ben-Maimon founded Alita Pharmaceuticals, Inc., serving as its President and CEO, a company that was founded with Warburg Pincus. She also served as Chairman of the Board for the Generic Pharmaceutical Association (now the Association for Accessible Medicines).

Michael Celano - Chief Financial Officer

Michael Celano joined Larimar Therapeutics in June 2020 as Chief Financial Officer, bringing over 40 years of experience as a life science business leader. After his public accounting career, he spent more than 20 years as a Chief Operating Officer, CFO, and board member for various high-growth life science companies. Mr. Celano served on the Board of OraSure Technologies and was on the Board of Performance Health, a private equity-funded consumer healthcare products company that was sold to Patterson Medical. His prior roles include COO and CFO of Recro Pharma, CFO of Kensey Nash until its acquisition by DSM, and CFO of BioRexis, which was sold to Pfizer.

Gopi Shankar, PhD, MBA, FAAPS - Chief Development Officer

Gopi Shankar joined Larimar Therapeutics in February 2023, bringing over 20 years of experience in leading the development of novel biologics. Before joining Larimar, he was Vice President and Global Head, Biologics Development Sciences at Janssen Research & Development, a pharmaceutical company of Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Shankar holds an Executive MBA from Drexel University, a Master of Science from Oklahoma State University, and a PhD from the University of Kentucky.

Rusty Clayton, DO - Chief Medical Officer

Rusty Clayton serves as Chief Medical Officer for Larimar Therapeutics and also as the Scientific Advisory Board Chair. He has over 15 years of executive experience in pharmaceutical, biologics, and medical device development and commercialization. Dr. Clayton's previous roles include Chief Medical Officer at Alcresta Therapeutics and Senior Vice President of Research and Development at Discovery Labs. He is a board-certified pediatric pulmonologist and received his DO from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine.

John Berman - Vice President of Finance and Administration

John Berman holds the position of Vice President of Finance and Administration at Larimar Therapeutics. He is a key executive contributing to the company's financial and administrative operations.

The primary emerging threat to Larimar Therapeutics stems from the development of gene therapies for Friedreich's Ataxia (FA).

While Larimar's CTI-1601 is an investigational protein replacement therapy requiring ongoing administration, gene therapies aim to enable the body to produce the missing frataxin protein itself, potentially offering a more durable, sustained, and convenient treatment option. This represents a fundamental technological shift that could disrupt the market for protein replacement therapies by offering a potentially superior, one-time or infrequent intervention.

Companies actively pursuing these potentially disruptive gene therapy approaches for FA include **Lexeo Therapeutics** (with LX1004 in Phase 1/2 clinical trials) and **Voyager Therapeutics** (partnered with Neurocrine Biosciences on VY-FXN01 in preclinical development).

Larimar Therapeutics' primary product candidate, nomlabofusp (formerly known as CTI-1601), is being developed to treat Friedreich's Ataxia (FA), a rare, progressive genetic disease.

The addressable market for Friedreich's Ataxia varies depending on the source and projection year, but generally indicates a growing global market:

• The global Friedreich's Ataxia market was valued at approximately USD 777.2 million in 2022 and is projected to reach about USD 2,062.9 million by 2030.
• Other estimates place the global market size at USD 2.63 billion in 2024, with projections to reach USD 3.59 billion by 2032, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.00%. Another report states the global market was USD 0.881 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 3.39 billion by 2034 with a CAGR of 13.04%. Yet another projection estimates the global market to grow from USD 2.63 billion in 2024 to USD 8.4 billion by 2035, with a CAGR of 11.13% from 2025 to 2035.
• Specifically for the drug market, the global Friedreich's Ataxia drug market is estimated to be US$ 1 billion in 2024 and is projected to expand at a CAGR of 13.2% to reach US$ 3.49 billion by the end of 2034.

For the 7 Major Markets (7MM), which include the United States, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, and Japan, the market for Friedreich's Ataxia reached a value of USD 660.4 million in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 1,882.2 million by 2035, growing at a CAGR of 9.99% during 2025-2035.

North America is a significant region within this market, dominating with the largest revenue share of 41.5% in 2024. The North American market was valued at USD 0.9 billion in 2023 and is expected to increase to USD 2.3 billion by 2032. The United States alone is anticipated to hold an 82.5% share of the North American market by 2034.

Here are 3-5 expected drivers of future revenue growth for Larimar Therapeutics (LRMR) over the next 2-3 years:

1. U.S. Commercialization of Nomlabofusp for Friedreich's Ataxia: Larimar Therapeutics' primary driver of future revenue growth is the successful regulatory approval and subsequent commercial launch of nomlabofusp (formerly CTI-1601) for Friedreich's ataxia (FA) in the United States. The company aims to submit a Biologics License Application (BLA) seeking accelerated approval in the second quarter of 2026 and targets a U.S. market launch in early 2027. Positive clinical data, including 100% of participants achieving skin frataxin levels similar to asymptomatic carriers and improvements in mFARS scores, supports this potential. The FDA has also shown openness to considering skin frataxin concentrations as a potential surrogate endpoint for accelerated approval.
2. Global Market Expansion for Nomlabofusp: Beyond the U.S., Larimar is actively pursuing regulatory pathways for nomlabofusp in other key markets. The company has received feedback from both the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on its global Phase 3 study protocol. Larimar is on track to initiate this global Phase 3 study by mid-2025, with potential clinical sites in the U.S., Europe, the U.K., Canada, and Australia. Successful completion of these trials and subsequent regulatory approvals in these regions would significantly expand the addressable patient population and market opportunity for nomlabofusp, contributing to revenue growth in the later part of the 2-3 year timeframe.
3. Expansion into Pediatric Friedreich's Ataxia Population: Larimar initiated dosing of adolescents (12-17 years of age) in a pharmacokinetic (PK) run-in study for pediatric FA patients in January 2025. Positive results from this study, indicating that weight-based dosing in adolescents achieves similar PK profiles to adults receiving the 50 mg dose, could lead to an expanded label for nomlabofusp to include the pediatric FA population. This would broaden the patient base and serve as another driver of revenue growth.

Share Issuance

• Larimar Therapeutics announced the pricing of an underwritten public offering of 18.75 million shares of common stock at $3.20 per share, expected to generate $60 million in gross proceeds, around July 29, 2025.
• This public offering closed on July 31, 2025, with the sale of 21,562,500 shares of common stock at $3.20 per share, including the full exercise of the underwriters' option for additional shares, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds of $69.0 million.
• The net proceeds from the July 2025 offering are intended to support the development of nomlabofusp and other pipeline candidates, working capital, and general corporate purposes, including research and development and pre-commercialization expenses.

Inbound Investments

• On July 31, 2025, James E Flynn, a 10% owner and director, executed a purchase for 9,375,000 shares in Larimar Therapeutics for $30,000,000.

Capital Expenditures

• Capital expenditures were $0 million in 2020 and 2021, $1 million in 2022, $1 million in 2023, and $1 million in 2024.