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Here are 1-2 brief analogies for Korro Bio (KRRO):

• Like CRISPR Therapeutics, but focused on editing RNA instead of DNA.
• Similar to Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, but developing RNA editing therapies rather than RNA interference drugs.

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• EDIT-R Platform: Korro Bio's proprietary RNA editing platform for developing *in vivo* genetic medicines that precisely correct disease-causing mutations or modulate protein expression.
• KRRO-110 (Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency): The company's lead therapeutic candidate, an *in vivo* RNA editing therapy aimed at restoring functional alpha-1 antitrypsin protein levels.
• Preclinical Pipeline: Various early-stage RNA editing therapeutic programs targeting a range of genetic diseases, including those affecting the liver and central nervous system.

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Korro Bio (KRRO)

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Ram Aiyar, Chief Executive Officer & President

Ram Aiyar has nearly two decades of diverse experience in biotech and pharma, covering all stages of development from launch to clinical to commercialization. He previously co-founded Corvidia Therapeutics, where he served as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Business Officer, and ultimately led its acquisition by Novo Nordisk for $2.1 billion. Prior to Corvidia, he was an entrepreneur-in-residence at BioHealth Innovation (BHI) and held leadership roles in corporate development, finance, and strategy at FlowMetric Inc., Sofinnova Partners, and J.P. Morgan Chase. His career began in research at Janssen Pharmaceuticals' immunology group. Korro Bio itself was incubated by Atlas Venture and received initial capital and strategic support from Atlas Venture and New Enterprise Associates (NEA).

Vineet Agarwal, Chief Financial Officer

Vineet Agarwal joined Korro Bio from J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., where he spent over 14 years, most recently as Senior Executive Director in the Healthcare Investment banking group. In this role, he advised clients on strategic transactions including acquisitions, mergers, licensing deals, and various financings such as private placements, initial public offerings (IPOs), special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), and equity offerings.

Loic Vincent, Chief Scientific Officer

Loic Vincent serves as the Chief Scientific Officer at Korro Bio. His background and expertise are integral to the company's scientific vision and the development of its RNA editing platform.

Kemi Olugemo, Chief Medical Officer

Kemi Olugemo is the Chief Medical Officer at Korro Bio. She plays a crucial role in guiding the company's clinical development and medical strategy.

Todd Chappell, Chief Operating Officer

Todd Chappell brings twenty years of experience in product development and product strategy to Korro Bio, where he previously served as Senior Vice President of Strategy and Portfolio Planning. He has guided several early-stage therapeutic programs from discovery through clinical trials. Most recently, he served as CEO for two seed-stage companies, Rasio Therapeutics, Inc. and Perceptive Navigation, LLC. He also managed a portfolio of start-up pharmaceutical and medical device companies as an entrepreneur-in-residence at a private-public partnership involving Johns Hopkins University, National Institutes of Health, Medimmune, NEA, and SROne. From 2009 to 2012, Mr. Chappell ran Shape Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a portfolio company of HealthCare Ventures, LLC.

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Korro Bio (NASDAQ: KRRO) faces several significant risks to its business, primarily stemming from its position as an early-stage biotechnology company focused on novel RNA editing therapeutics.

1. Clinical Trial Failure and Pipeline Setbacks: The most immediate and significant risk is the recent failure of Korro Bio's lead RNA editing candidate, KRRO-110, in its Phase 1/2a clinical trial for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). KRRO-110 did not achieve the anticipated levels of functional protein after a single dose, leading the company to abandon the program. This clinical setback has caused Korro Bio's stock to plummet by approximately 80% and has forced the company to revert to a preclinical stage, effectively moving back to square one in its development efforts. The company also laid off a third of its staff and its chief medical officer resigned following these results.
2. Financial Instability and Cash Burn: Directly impacted by the clinical failure, Korro Bio faces substantial financial instability and rapid cash burn. Although the company reported a cash position of $102.5 million at the end of the third quarter of 2025, it is quickly depleting its reserves. To extend its financial runway into the second half of 2027, the company implemented a strategic restructuring, including a 34% workforce reduction. The need to fund new preclinical development candidates after the failure of KRRO-110 places additional strain on its financial resources.
3. Regulatory and Development Risks for Novel Genetic Medicines: As a biopharmaceutical company developing a new class of genetic medicines based on RNA editing, Korro Bio faces inherent uncertainties and challenges in the regulatory landscape. The efficacy and safety of its RNA editing technology have yet to be consistently proven in human trials. Changes in regulatory requirements, delays in the approval process, or the inability to replicate preclinical results in clinical studies could significantly impact the company's timelines, financial position, and ability to bring products to market.

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• Advancement of KRRO-110 for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD): The company's lead wholly-owned product candidate, KRRO-110, is currently in a Phase 1/2a REWRITE clinical trial for AATD. Interim data from this trial is expected in the second half of 2025, with the study anticipated to be completed in 2026. This program has received Orphan Drug Designation from both the FDA and EMA, which can streamline its development and regulatory review process. Successful clinical development and potential commercialization of KRRO-110 would introduce a significant new revenue stream.
• Expansion of Pipeline with New Product Candidates: Korro Bio is actively pursuing a "3-2-1 strategy" aimed at advancing three product candidates into clinical development across two tissue types by the end of 2027. A key milestone within this strategy is the expected nomination of a development candidate for a rare metabolic disorder program, targeting the liver with subcutaneous delivery, by the end of 2025. The progression and potential clinical success of these new pipeline programs represent future opportunities for revenue generation.
• Collaboration Revenue from Strategic Partnerships, particularly with Novo Nordisk: Korro Bio has established a research collaboration and license agreement with Novo Nordisk focusing on cardiometabolic diseases. This partnership has already begun to generate collaboration revenue for Korro Bio, with $2.55 million recognized in Q1 2025 and $1.46 million in Q2 2025. The agreement includes an upfront payment and potential future milestone payments and royalties, which will contribute to revenue growth as the partnered programs advance through preclinical and clinical stages.

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Share Issuance

• Korro Bio, formerly Frequency Therapeutics, completed a reverse merger on November 3, 2023, resulting in former Legacy Korro securityholders owning approximately 91-92% of the combined company's fully diluted common stock.
• In April 2024, Korro Bio completed a PIPE (private investment in public equity) financing, issuing 1,249,283 shares of common stock and raising approximately $70 million in gross proceeds.
• In May 2024, a prospectus was filed for the resale of up to 1,213,569 shares of common stock by selling stockholders; Korro Bio would not receive any proceeds from these sales.

Inbound Investments

• As part of the November 2023 reverse merger, Legacy Korro was valued at $325.6 million, and approximately $117.3 million of Korro Bio common stock was issued in a related pre-closing financing.
• The company raised approximately $70 million in gross proceeds through a PIPE financing agreement with new and existing accredited investors, which closed on April 22, 2024.
• Korro Bio entered into a research collaboration and license agreement with Novo Nordisk in September 2024, which included a $10.0 million upfront payment and an estimated total transaction price of $39.9 million.

Outbound Investments

• Korro Bio has not made any investments or acquisitions.

Capital Expenditures

• Korro Bio's cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $119.6 million as of June 30, 2025, are expected to fund operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements into 2027.
• The company's capital allocation is focused on advancing its lead product candidate, KRRO-110, through a Phase 1/2a clinical trial for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD).
• Future capital requirements will also support building its OPERA platform, discovering additional genetic medicines, and progressing a rare metabolic disorder program towards a development candidate by the end of 2025.