Frequency Electronics, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, designs, develops, manufactures, and sells precision time and frequency control products and components for microwave integrated circuit applications. It operates through two segments, FEI-NY and FEI-Zyfer. The FEI-NY segment offers precision time, frequency generation, and synchronization products and subsystems used in communication satellites, terrestrial cellular telephone, or other ground-based telecommunication stations; and other components and systems for the United States military. The FEI-Zyfer segment designs, develops, and manufactures products for precision navigation and timing primarily incorporating global positioning system technologies into radar systems, airborne SIGINT/COMINT platforms, information networks, test equipment, military command and control terminals, and satellite ground stations. The company's products are used in commercial, government satellite payload systems, secure communications, command, control, communication, computer, intelligence, security and reconnaissance, and electronic warfare applications for the United States government on land, sea, and air-borne platforms. It markets its products directly and through independent sales representative organizations located in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Frequency Electronics, Inc. was founded in 1961 and is headquartered in Mitchel Field, New York.
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Here are 1-3 brief analogies for Frequency Electronics (FEIM):
- The Intel of high-precision timing components.
- Analog Devices (ADI) for ultra-stable frequency sources.
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- Precision Timing and Frequency Systems: Provides highly stable atomic clocks, frequency standards, and distribution systems for ground-based and space applications.
- Satellite Communication Payloads: Develops advanced frequency generation, control, and conversion subsystems integrated into satellites for communication and navigation.
- Secure Communication and Tracking Systems: Offers specialized solutions for robust and protected data transmission and precise tracking capabilities, often for defense and government sectors.
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Frequency Electronics (FEIM) primarily sells its high-precision timing and synchronization products, such as atomic clocks and oscillators, to other companies (B2B) operating in highly specialized sectors including aerospace, defense, satellite communications, and test & measurement.
While the company's most recent annual report (10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023) states that no single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated net sales for that period, its major customer base is consistently identified as:
- U.S. Government Prime Contractors (Defense & Space): These large defense and aerospace companies integrate FEIM's components into more complex systems and platforms for various government agencies (e.g., U.S. Department of Defense, NASA) and foreign governments. Examples of major prime contractors that frequently operate in this space and could be customers include:
- Lockheed Martin (LMT)
- Northrop Grumman (NOC)
- Boeing (BA)
- L3Harris Technologies (LHX)
- Commercial Satellite Manufacturers and Operators: Companies involved in the design, construction, launch, and operation of commercial satellites for telecommunications, earth observation, navigation, and other applications.
- Test and Measurement Equipment Manufacturers: Companies that produce highly specialized electronic test and measurement equipment which requires extremely precise timing and frequency references.
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Dr. Thomas McClelland, President and Chief Executive Officer
Dr. McClelland was appointed permanent President and CEO of Frequency Electronics, Inc. on January 17, 2023, having served as Interim President and CEO since July 8, 2022. He has been with the company for nearly 40 years, previously holding positions such as Chief Scientist and leading research and scientific efforts for over two decades. Dr. McClelland holds a PhD in physics from Columbia University and possesses the highest level of security clearance with the U.S. government.
Steven L. Bernstein, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary & Treasurer
Mr. Bernstein joined Frequency Electronics in 2010 as Controller and was appointed Chief Financial Officer in 2016. He is a Certified Public Accountant with over 15 years of experience in financial reporting, budgeting, internal controls, risk management, and auditing. Prior to joining Frequency Electronics, Mr. Bernstein worked in the North America accounting group of a Fortune 500 electronics distributor. He graduated with honors from Queens College, City University of New York, with a dual major in Accounting and Economics.
Oleandro Mancini, Senior Vice President, Business Development
Mr. Mancini joined Frequency Electronics in 2000. Before his tenure at FEI, he served as Vice President of Sales and Marketing at Satellite Transmission Systems, Inc. He also held the roles of Vice President of Business Development and previously Vice President of Engineering at Cardion, Inc., a Siemens A.G. company.
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The key risks to Frequency Electronics (FEIM) primarily revolve around its significant reliance on U.S. government contracts and the inherent volatility associated with such business.
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Customer Concentration Risk: Frequency Electronics is heavily reliant on a single customer: the U.S. government. In fiscal year 2025, an overwhelming 94% of its total sales originated from U.S. government contracts. This near-total dependence means that changes in government spending, priorities, or contract awards could have a substantial impact on the company's revenue and financial performance.
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Revenue Recognition and Contract Timing Volatility: The nature of government contracting introduces significant operational risk regarding revenue recognition. The timing of contract awards and customer milestones is often non-linear, leading to "lumpy" quarterly results and revenue volatility. Delays in government contracts can push revenue out of a fiscal year, even if the backlog remains strong.
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Margin Variability and External Factors: Other risks include potential margin variability stemming from the company's product mix, as well as challenges related to export controls and international policy. These factors can impact the cost of doing business and the profitability of contracts.
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Frequency Electronics (FEIM) operates in several addressable markets related to high-precision timing, frequency generation, and radio frequency control products for space and terrestrial applications. These markets include:
- Atomic Clocks: The global atomic clock market size was estimated at USD 593.18 million in 2024 and is projected to reach approximately USD 1,177.83 million by 2034, growing at a CAGR of 7.10% from 2025 to 2034. North America held the largest revenue share in the atomic clock market in 2024. Another report indicates the global atomic clock market was valued at USD 609 million in 2025 and is slated to reach USD 1,200 million by 2035, at a CAGR of 7.0%.
- Timing Devices (includes oscillators, atomic clocks, clock generators, etc.): The global timing devices market size was estimated at USD 5.85 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 9.68 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 7.3% from 2024 to 2030. Another estimate places the global timing devices market at USD 6.86 billion in 2025, anticipating it to reach USD 13.38 billion by 2035, with a CAGR of 6.9%. North America represented over 42% of the timing devices market share in 2023.
- Frequency Control and Timing Devices: The global frequency control and timing device market is projected to grow from USD 4.9 billion in 2025 to USD 10.5 billion by 2035, at a CAGR of 7.8%. North America is a key growth region in this market.
- Space-Qualified Atomic Clocks: The global space-qualified atomic clocks market size was USD 0.35 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 0.54 billion by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.1%.
- Satellite Communication: The global satellite communication market size was estimated at USD 16.9 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 33.2 billion by 2029, growing at a CAGR of 14.5%. North America's market for satellite communication is projected to grow from USD 6.5 billion in 2024 to USD 11.5 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 12.1%. Other estimates for the global satellite communication market include USD 31.22 billion in 2023, expected to reach USD 70.89 billion by 2032 (CAGR of 9.6%), with North America holding 39.17% market share in 2023.
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Frequency Electronics (FEIM) is poised for future revenue growth over the next 2-3 years, driven by its strong position in satellite programs, the introduction of innovative new products, and strategic investments in emerging technologies.
Here are the key expected drivers of future revenue growth:
- Continued Growth in Commercial and U.S. Government Satellite Programs: Frequency Electronics has seen significant revenue increases from its satellite programs, with satellite payloads accounting for a substantial portion of its annual revenue in fiscal year 2025. The company has a historically high backlog and continues to experience solid growth in these core businesses, indicating sustained revenue generation from this sector.
- Expansion through the TURbO Compact Rubidium Atomic Clock: The recently introduced TURbO compact rubidium atomic clock is anticipated to significantly expand Frequency Electronics' addressable market. This leading-edge atomic clock is expected to generate $1M to $2M in revenue in FY2026 from existing orders and holds a potential market of $20M or more in FY2027, particularly driven by rapidly expanding drone applications and traditional aircraft radar systems.
- Advancements in Quantum Sensing Technologies: The company is strategically emphasizing emerging quantum sensing technologies, including magnetometers and Rydberg sensors. Increased research and development (R&D) spending is directed towards these initiatives, with expectations of securing development contracts and identifying near-term revenue opportunities in this nascent but promising market.
- Product Modernization and Increased R&D Investment: Frequency Electronics is actively investing in product modernization and anticipates maintaining or increasing its R&D expenditures. This commitment to technical excellence and innovation is aimed at developing advanced products that can open up new revenue streams and enhance its offerings in both existing and new markets.
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Share Repurchases
- Frequency Electronics, Inc. announced a $20 million share repurchase authorization in September 2025.
- The Board considers periodic share repurchases an effective tool for rewarding shareholders and allowing future value gains to accrue to equity holders.
Share Issuance
- The number of shares outstanding for Frequency Electronics increased by 2.02% in one year.
Capital Expenditures
- Capital expenditures for the last twelve months, as of July 31, 2025, were approximately -$2.26 million.
- The company reported quarterly capital expenditures of $327,000 for July 2024.
- Frequency Electronics expanded its capabilities by opening a new engineering facility in Boulder, Colorado, focusing on quantum sensing initiatives.
