Here are 1-2 brief analogies for SAB Biotherapeutics (SABS):

• Like Regeneron, but they use genetically engineered cattle instead of mice to produce human antibodies.
• Like Moderna, but focused on developing antibody drugs using its unique cattle-based platform.

• SAB-185 (Adintrevimab): A fully human polyclonal antibody therapeutic developed for the treatment of COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases.
• SAB-176: A fully human polyclonal antibody therapeutic candidate being developed for the treatment of severe influenza.
• SAB-142: A fully human polyclonal antibody therapeutic candidate in development for the treatment of Myasthenia Gravis.
• SAB-159: A fully human polyclonal antibody therapeutic candidate aimed at treating dengue fever.

SAB Biotherapeutics (SABS) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing human polyclonal antibody therapies. As such, it does not sell directly to individuals or typically to other companies as finished commercial products at this stage. Its primary "customers" or sources of revenue come from government contracts and strategic collaborations.

The company's major customer/funding source has been:

• The U.S. Government: Specifically, agencies such as the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), which is part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). BARDA has provided significant funding and contracts to SAB Biotherapeutics for the development of its programs, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic for therapies like SAB-185, and for other infectious disease preparedness initiatives.

While SAB Biotherapeutics engages in various collaborations and partnerships with other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies for research, development, or platform utilization, these are generally not structured as traditional "customer" relationships where a company purchases commercial products from SABS. As a clinical-stage company, its business model primarily involves advancing its drug candidates through trials with the support of government funding or strategic development partners, prior to potential future commercialization or licensing agreements.

• Emergent BioSolutions Inc. (EBS)

Samuel J. Reich, Chairman & CEO

Samuel J. Reich was appointed CEO of SAB Biotherapeutics in January 2024, having previously served as Executive Chairman of the board of directors since October 2021 and as a director since November 2020. Prior to his role at SAB, Mr. Reich served as CEO, CFO, and a board member of Big Cypress Acquisition Corp, which he led since its inception in November 2020. He co-founded Biscayne Neurotherapeutics Inc. in 2011, serving as its Executive Chairman until its acquisition by Supernus Pharmaceuticals in October 2018. Mr. Reich also founded Acuity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 2002, where he was Executive Vice President until its acquisition by Opko Health, Inc. He is credited as an inventor on 14 U.S. patents and over 50 worldwide patents related to the initial applications of siRNA as therapeutics.

Lucy To, Chief Financial Officer

Lucy To was named Chief Financial Officer of SAB Biotherapeutics in August 2024. She brings over 18 years of experience in investment banking and strategic operational expertise to her role, where she oversees corporate finance, corporate strategy, and broader strategic business relationships. Before joining SAB, Ms. To was a Managing Director in the Healthcare Investment Banking Group at Wells Fargo, where she provided advisory services to biopharmaceutical companies on financing and strategic transactions. Her career also includes investment banking and operational experience at Deutsche Bank, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Citigroup, and Cowen. Her transaction experience in the healthcare sector, encompassing mergers and acquisitions, IPOs, and other equity and debt financings, totals over $50 billion.

Eddie J. Sullivan, Co-Founder, President & Board Member

Eddie J. Sullivan, PhD, is a co-founder and has served as President of SAB Biotherapeutics since 2014. With over 30 years of experience in biopharma leadership, Dr. Sullivan held CEO or other leadership roles in SAB’s predecessor entities, including as CEO of Hematech, a subsidiary of Kyowa Hakko Kirin. His work has involved leading initiatives to develop immunotherapies for infectious diseases, cancer, and autoimmune conditions. Dr. Sullivan has also been instrumental in raising over $800 million in capital for biopharmaceutical platform technologies and has overseen several successful mergers and acquisitions.

Christoph Bausch, Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer

Christoph Bausch, PhD, MBA, became the Chief Operating Officer of SAB Biotherapeutics in May 2022, overseeing all Research & Manufacturing operations. Prior to this, he served as Chief Science Officer since joining SAB in April 2017, leading research and development and acting as a drug development lead. Dr. Bausch is an experienced research scientist, biotech entrepreneur, and business development executive, with a track record of leading the successful discovery, development, biomanufacturing, and commercialization of platform technologies in the life sciences. He has also served as the founder and director of a molecular diagnostics company. His previous roles include science-based business development at POET, LLC, and positions in both research and commercialization at Sigma-Aldrich (now MilliporeSigma). Dr. Bausch holds a PhD in Microbiology and an MBA in Entrepreneurship.

Dr. Tom Luke, Chief Medical Officer

Dr. Tom Luke serves as the Chief Medical Officer at SAB Biotherapeutics. He was introduced to SAB through a collaboration during his previous tenure at the U.S. Naval Medical Research Center. Dr. Luke has expressed excitement about SAB's platform, noting its ability to rapidly develop diverse antibody responses. He relocated from the East Coast to help guide SAB through its clinical trials, bringing a strong belief in the platform's potential to address a wide range of diseases, including viral, bacterial, parasitic, cancers, and autoimmune conditions.

The key risks to SAB Biotherapeutics (SABS) are primarily associated with its nature as a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, revolving around the development and commercialization of its product candidates.

1. Clinical Trial Failure and Regulatory Approval Risk: As a company with pipeline products undergoing clinical development, SAB Biotherapeutics faces substantial risk that its product candidates, including its lead candidate SAB-142 for autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes, may fail to demonstrate efficacy or safety in clinical trials, or may not receive the necessary regulatory approvals. Unfavorable results from Phase I, II, and III studies could lead to significant stock volatility and downward pressure. The high expectations surrounding the company's stock are largely predicated on successful Phase 2b data for SAB-142.
2. Funding and Liquidity Risk: SAB Biotherapeutics is expected to continue incurring significant operating losses due to high research and development, preclinical testing, and clinical development expenses. While a recent oversubscribed private placement of $175 million is anticipated to extend its cash runway into mid-2028 and fund the pivotal Phase 2b SAFEGUARD study for SAB-142, the company does not yet generate revenue, with analysts forecasting $0 revenue for 2025, 2026, and 2027. Further capital will likely be required for continued development, manufacturing, and potential commercialization, and there is no guarantee that such financing will be available on favorable terms, or at all, which could lead to dilution for existing shareholders or hinder product development.
3. Dependence on a Limited Product Pipeline: The company's prospects are heavily reliant on the success of its lead product candidate, SAB-142. While the company has other discovery programs, a significant portion of investor focus and recent financing is directed towards SAB-142. A failure of SAB-142 in clinical trials or to gain regulatory approval would severely impact the company's valuation and future viability, as the pipeline beyond this lead candidate is less advanced or publicly emphasized.

SAB Biotherapeutics (SABS) is focused on developing immunotherapies, with its primary product candidate, SAB-142, targeting Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). The addressable market for T1D therapeutics is substantial and global.

• The global market for Type 1 Diabetes therapeutics is estimated at $16.97 billion in 2025, with projections indicating growth to $26.22 billion by 2032. SAB-142 is being developed as a disease-modifying immunotherapy to delay the onset and progression of T1D, specifically aiming to preserve beta-cell function in newly diagnosed patients aged 5-40.
• SAB Biotherapeutics also has SAB-176 in its pipeline, a fully-human polyclonal antibody therapeutic candidate for the treatment or prevention of severe influenza. While this product is aimed at key global markets, including the U.S., EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain), the UK, and Japan, with anticipated market entry playing a significant role in improving treatment options for severe flu cases, specific market size figures in U.S. dollars were not identified in the provided information.

SAB Biotherapeutics (SABS) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company with expected drivers of future revenue growth over the next 2-3 years primarily centered on the advancement and commercialization of its novel immunotherapy platform and lead therapeutic candidates.

1. Advancement and Commercialization of Lead Candidate (SAB-142) for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): SAB-142 is a novel, potentially disease-modifying human anti-thymocyte immunoglobulin (hIgG) therapy aimed at delaying the onset or progression of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). The company has reported positive Phase 1 topline data for SAB-142, with the third cohort fully enrolled and dosed without observed serum sickness. Furthermore, SAB Biotherapeutics is initiating its Phase 2b SAFEGUARD study for SAB-142 in new-onset Stage 3 autoimmune T1D patients. Successful progression through clinical trials, regulatory approvals, and eventual market launch of SAB-142 would be a significant revenue driver.
2. Broader Application and Commercialization of the DiversitAb™ Platform: The company's proprietary DiversitAb™ platform utilizes transchromosomic (Tc) bovine™ herds to produce highly potent, targeted, fully human polyclonal antibody therapeutics. This versatile and scalable platform is applicable to a wide range of serious human diseases, including immune system disorders, cancer, and infectious diseases. Research has shown the platform's capability to generate functional fully-human anti-idiotype polyclonal antibodies for autoimmune diseases. Expanding the application of this platform beyond T1D into other therapeutic areas, through either new internal drug candidates or collaborations, represents a substantial growth opportunity.
3. Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations: SAB Biotherapeutics engages in collaborations with global pharmaceutical companies and has received funding from the U.S. government for its rapid response programs. The company has an exclusive manufacturing services agreement with Emergent BioSolutions, which also includes the opportunity for Emergent to utilize the DiversitAb™ platform for future undisclosed programs. New or expanded partnerships for drug development, manufacturing, or commercialization of its pipeline assets or platform technology could generate revenue through upfront payments, milestone achievements, and royalties.

Share Issuance

• SAB Biotherapeutics became a publicly traded company in October 2021 through a merger with Big Cypress Acquisition Corp., which implied an enterprise value of approximately $325 million and provided the combined company with roughly $118 million in pro forma cash.
• In July 2025, the company secured an oversubscribed $175 million private placement, involving the issuance of 1,000,000 shares of Series B nonvoting convertible preferred stock and warrants with the potential for an additional $284 million in gross proceeds if fully exercised.
• In September 2025, shareholders approved an amendment to increase the equity incentive plan by 24.18 million shares, raising the total to 31.93 million shares available for participants, and also permitted the issuance of over 19.99% of common stock conversion from Series B Preferred Stock.

Inbound Investments

• The merger with Big Cypress Acquisition Corp. in October 2021 was expected to provide the combined company with approximately $118 million in pro forma cash.
• A $175 million oversubscribed private placement was secured in July 2025, which included strategic investor Sanofi and several institutional investors such as RA Capital Management and Blackstone Multi-Asset Investing.
• This private placement is anticipated to fully fund the pivotal Phase 2b SAFEGUARD study for SAB-142 and extend the company's cash runway into mid-2028.

Capital Expenditures

• Capital expenditures were reported as $55,377 for December 2024.
• Post-merger, resources were allocated to expand new drug research and development and production capabilities.
• The private placement in July 2025 explicitly aims to fund the pivotal Phase 2b SAFEGUARD study for SAB-142, indicating a primary focus on clinical development and research.