Here are 1-2 brief analogies for BioCardia (BCDA):

• Like an early-stage Moderna, but focused on regenerative cell therapies to repair damaged hearts.
• Similar to how Vertex Pharmaceuticals pioneered treatments for cystic fibrosis, BioCardia is focused on pioneering stem cell therapies for heart disease.

• CardiAMP™ Cell Therapy System: A patient-specific (autologous) cell therapy in clinical trials for the treatment of ischemic heart failure.
• BioCardia Helix™ Transendocardial Delivery System: A proprietary catheter system designed for precise delivery of cell therapies directly into the heart muscle.

BioCardia (BCDA) is a clinical-stage regenerative medicine company focused on developing cell and gene therapies for cardiac diseases, along with related delivery systems. As a company in the clinical development phase, it does not currently have large-scale commercial sales to traditional "major customers" in the way a fully commercialized company would. Its revenue primarily comes from grants and collaborations.

Based on its financial disclosures, BioCardia's most significant revenue source, which acts as a major funding partner for its research and development, is:

• National Institutes of Health (NIH): While not a public company, the NIH, a U.S. government agency, has historically provided substantial grant funding, making it a key financial contributor to BioCardia's operations and clinical trials.

BioCardia's business model is primarily Business-to-Business (B2B). Once its products, such as the CardiAMP™ Cell Therapy and the Helix™ Transendocardial Delivery System, are commercially available, its primary customers would include:

• Hospitals and Medical Centers: These healthcare institutions would be the direct purchasers and end-users of BioCardia's delivery systems and the administrators of its cell therapies to patients. These are generally not publicly traded companies in the traditional sense.
• Other Biopharmaceutical and Medical Device Companies: BioCardia actively licenses its Helix™ Transendocardial Delivery System to other companies that are developing their own cardiac cell or gene therapies. While specific major public company licensees generating significant current revenue are not widely disclosed, this represents a key target B2B customer category for future commercialization.

Given its stage, BioCardia does not sell primarily to individuals directly. Its eventual commercial sales channels are focused on healthcare institutions and other corporate entities.

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Peter H. Altman, Ph.D. President & CEO

Dr. Altman has served as President and CEO of BioCardia since 2002. He was previously CEO (1999 to 2003) and a board member (1999 to 2014) of CareDx (NASDAQ: CDNA), a company developing gene-based diagnostics for organ transplantation. He also served as CEO for Lumen Therapeutics, an early-stage pharmaceutical company, from 2004 to 2005. Dr. Altman is a founder of Sinus Rhythm Technologies, Inc. and BioCardia Lifesciences, Inc., and currently serves as a director on the board of Oncocyclist Biotech. He holds 45 U.S. patents and has authored 40 scientific publications.

David McClung Chief Financial Officer

David McClung has served as BioCardia's Chief Financial Officer since 2017. There is no publicly available information indicating that Mr. McClung founded or managed other companies, sold companies he was previously involved with to an acquirer, or has a pattern of managing companies backed by private equity firms.

Sujith Shetty, M.D. Chief Medical Officer

Dr. Shetty assumed the role of Chief Medical Officer in February 2021, succeeding Dr. Eric Duckers. He previously served as Vice President of Clinical and Regulatory for almost two years at BioCardia.

Edward Gillis Senior Vice President - Devices

Edward Gillis has served as Senior Vice President - Devices at BioCardia since 2017. BioCardia's management team overview highlights his extensive experience in the industry.

Debby Holmes-Higgin, MPH Vice President - Clinical

Debby Holmes-Higgin has been with BioCardia for over three years and continues to serve as Vice President of Clinical with expanded responsibilities, a position she has held since 2019.

The addressable markets for BioCardia's main products or services are as follows:

• CardiAMP Cell Therapy System for Ischemic Heart Failure (BCDA-01): The addressable market in the U.S. is approximately 1 million Americans annually who have heart failure with elevated biomarkers despite optimal medical management.
• CardiAMP Cell Therapy System for Chronic Myocardial Ischemia with Refractory Angina (BCDA-02): The addressable market in the U.S. is estimated to be between 600,000 and 1.8 million patients. Globally, the refractory angina treatment market is estimated to be valued at USD 211.3 million in 2025 and is expected to reach USD 309.4 million by 2032.
• CardiALLO Cell Therapy System for Ischemic Heart Failure (BCDA-03): This therapy targets the same patient population as CardiAMP for ischemic heart failure. The addressable market in the U.S. is approximately 1 million Americans annually who have heart failure with elevated biomarkers despite optimal medical management.
• Morph DNA and Avance Steerable Introducers: These products serve the electrophysiology market, which is valued at over $10 billion.
• PulmALLO Cell Therapy System for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (BCDA-04): null

BioCardia (BCDA) is a clinical-stage company, and its future revenue growth over the next 2-3 years is primarily dependent on the successful advancement and commercialization of its pipeline products and technologies. Based on recent earnings releases, transcripts, and analyst commentary, the key expected drivers of future revenue growth include:

1. Regulatory Approvals and Commercialization of CardiAMP Cell Therapy: BioCardia's CardiAMP Cell Therapy system for ischemic heart failure is a primary focus. The company has submitted clinical packages to Japan's Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) and plans discussions with the FDA in Q4 2025 regarding the approvability of the CardiAMP system in both the US and Japan. Successful regulatory approval and subsequent commercial launch of this therapy in these significant markets would be a major revenue driver.
2. Commercialization of the Helix Biotherapeutic Delivery System: BioCardia is actively preparing for submission for approval of its Helix biotherapeutic delivery system via the de novo 510(k) pathway, with plans for submission in Q3 2025. The successful clearance and subsequent commercialization of the Helix system, potentially through partnerships, is expected to contribute to future revenue.
3. Launch of the Morph DNA Steerable Introducer Product Family: BioCardia anticipates obtaining FDA approval for a product family of Morph DNA steerable sheath introducers in various sizes and lengths for use in the heart and peripheral vasculature. The company is actively exploring pathways for commercializing these products, which could begin in the second half of 2024 and extend into the next 2-3 years.
4. Advancement and Potential Funding/Partnerships for CardiALLO Allogeneic Cell Therapy: BioCardia's CardiALLO allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell therapy (BCDA-03) is progressing, with positive safety outcomes reported from its low-dose cohort. Management sees good potential for receiving non-dilutive funding for this program in Q1 2026, and potential partnerships could further drive its development and eventual commercialization.
5. Strategic Partnerships and Business Development Initiatives: BioCardia is actively pursuing multiple partnerships and business development initiatives across its CardiAMP, Helix, and Morph DNA technologies. These collaborations are expected to enhance future treatment options, offset development costs for BioCardia's own programs, and provide meaningful revenue sharing.

Share Issuance

• On September 18, 2025, BioCardia priced a public offering of common stock and short-term warrants, raising initial gross proceeds of $6 million, with the potential for an additional $6 million upon the full exercise of warrants.
• In November 2023, the company completed a registered direct offering of 2,000,000 shares of common stock at $0.65 per share, generating $1.3 million in gross proceeds.
• Between July 1, 2025, and August 8, 2025, BioCardia sold 296,422 shares under its At-The-Market (ATM) program, bringing in gross proceeds of $769,000.

Inbound Investments

• On September 19, 2025, insiders, including Director Simon H. Stertzer and Chairman Andrew Scott Blank, made significant purchases of $498,000 and $360,000, respectively, in company stock.
• Over the year leading up to September 20, 2025, BioCardia insiders collectively bought shares worth US$1.1 million, demonstrating more buying activity than selling.
• In March 2025, Director Simon H. Stertzer purchased approximately $90,000 worth of BioCardia shares.

Capital Expenditures

• Research and development (R&D) expenses increased to approximately $1.4 million in the second quarter of 2025, up from $0.8 million in the same period of 2024.
• The primary focus of R&D expenditures in 2025 has been on closeout activities for the CardiAMP HF Trial and the initiation of enrollment in the CardiAMP HF II Trial.
• BioCardia allocates capital from offerings towards general corporate purposes, including advancing its investigational biotherapeutic candidates and its biotherapeutic delivery partnering business.